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What are the Class I, Class II, and Class III antiarrhythmic drugs?

Feb 02, 2024 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Ziqi
Introduction
In general, Class I antiarrhythmic drugs include propranolol hydrochloride tablets, lidocaine hydrochloride injection, mexiletine hydrochloride tablets, propafenone hydrochloride tablets, and quinidine sulfate tablets; Class II antiarrhythmic drugs include bisoprolol fumarate capsules, metoprolol tartrate tablets, atenolol tablets, esmolol hydrochloride injection, and propranolol hydrochloride tablets.

Generally, Class I antiarrhythmic drugs include Propranolol Hydrochloride Tablets, Lidocaine Hydrochloride Injection, Mexiletine Hydrochloride Tablets, Propafenone Hydrochloride Tablets, and Quinidine Sulfate Tablets. Class II drugs include Bisoprolol Fumarate Capsules, Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets, Atenolol Tablets, Esmolol Hydrochloride Injection, and Propranolol Hydrochloride Tablets. Class III drugs include Amiodarone Hydrochloride Tablets, Dronedarone Hydrochloride Tablets, Glimepiride Capsules, Glibenclamide Tablets, and Sotalol Hydrochloride Tablets. These medications must be used under medical supervision. If adverse reactions occur after taking any of these drugs, prompt medical attention is recommended. Specific details are as follows:

I. Class I Drugs

1. Propranolol Hydrochloride Tablets: This is a non-selective beta-blocker that reduces cardiac excitability and heart rate by blocking beta receptors, thereby alleviating arrhythmias.

2. Lidocaine Hydrochloride Injection: An antiarrhythmic agent that primarily works by blocking sodium channels in cardiac cells, slowing or preventing the transmission of abnormal electrical signals, thus helping maintain normal heart rhythm.

3. Mexiletine Hydrochloride Tablets: A selective β1-receptor blocker that acts mainly on the heart to reduce heart rate and relieve cardiac workload.

4. Propafenone Hydrochloride Tablets: An antiarrhythmic drug that prevents abnormal electrical impulses by blocking cardiac sodium channels and prolonging the action potential duration of cardiac cells.

5. Quinidine Sulfate Tablets: An antiarrhythmic medication acting on cardiac tissue by inhibiting calcium channels, slowing conduction velocity within the cardiac conduction system, thereby regulating heart rhythm.

II. Class II Drugs

1. Bisoprolol Fumarate Capsules: A selective β1-receptor blocker that helps control arrhythmias by reducing cardiac excitability and heart rate.

2. Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets: A non-selective beta-blocker that slows heart rate and reduces myocardial oxygen demand by blocking beta receptors.

3. Atenolol Tablets: A sodium channel blocker that helps maintain normal heart rhythm by slowing conduction velocity in the cardiac conduction system.

4. Esmolol Hydrochloride Injection: A selective β1-receptor blocker that effectively treats arrhythmias by reducing cardiac excitability and heart rate.

5. Propranolol Hydrochloride Tablets: Also classified as a beta-blocker, it slows heart rate by blocking beta receptors and is suitable for treating certain types of arrhythmias.

III. Class III Drugs

1. Amiodarone Hydrochloride Tablets: A broad-spectrum antiarrhythmic drug that regulates heart rhythm through multiple mechanisms, including sodium channel blockade, beta receptor blockade, and inhibition of thyroid function.

2. Dronedarone Hydrochloride Tablets: An antiarrhythmic agent that primarily works by prolonging the action potential duration of cardiac cells, thereby preventing the spread of abnormal electrical signals.

3. Glimepiride Capsules: An antiarrhythmic drug acting on cardiac tissue by blocking sodium channels to regulate heart rhythm.

4. Glibenclamide Tablets: Similar to glimepiride capsules, glibenclamide tablets are also antiarrhythmic agents that treat arrhythmias by modulating the electrophysiological properties of cardiac cells.

5. Sotalol Hydrochloride Tablets: A beta-blocker with additional antiarrhythmic effects; it maintains normal heart rhythm by altering the electrophysiological characteristics of the heart.

All the above medications have antiarrhythmic effects, but they target different symptoms and conditions, so the choice of drug varies accordingly. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to consult a qualified physician before use.


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