What are the causes of severe mitral valve regurgitation?

In general, severe mitral valve regurgitation may be caused by degenerative changes, congenital heart disease, infective endocarditis, rheumatic heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, and other conditions. It is important to visit a hospital for proper examination to determine the exact cause and receive targeted treatment. The specific analysis is as follows:

1. Degenerative Changes

With aging, the mitral valve may undergo degenerative changes, including calcification, thickening, and stiffening. These changes can prevent the valve from closing completely. Patients may follow medical advice to use medications such as hydrochlorothiazide tablets, metoprolol tartrate sustained-release tablets, and celecoxib capsules, which may help slow disease progression.

2. Congenital Heart Disease

Individuals with congenital heart malformations may develop mitral valve regurgitation during growth. These malformations may involve abnormal development of the valve, valve annulus, or adjacent structures, preventing complete closure of the valve. When necessary, patients can seek treatment at a reputable hospital through procedures such as cardiac closure surgery, cardiac shunt surgery, or cardiac corrective surgery. Regular monitoring of cardiac function recovery is also essential.

3. Infective Endocarditis

This condition is usually caused by bacterial, viral, or other microbial infections of the inner lining of the heart. Such infections can damage the heart valves, leading to improper closure of the mitral valve. Under medical guidance, patients may take medications such as amoxicillin capsules or gentamicin sulfate tablets. In severe cases, surgical interventions at a正规 hospital—such as valve replacement, abscess drainage, or repair of damaged cardiac tissue—may be required.

4. Rheumatic Heart Disease

Rheumatic heart disease is one of the common causes of mitral valve regurgitation. It typically results from rheumatic fever, a condition triggered by streptococcal infection that leads to valve damage and scarring, impairing normal valve function. Patients may follow medical advice to use medications such as roxithromycin dispersible tablets, amoxicillin capsules, or cefuroxime axetil tablets.

5. Acute Myocardial Infarction

Acute myocardial infarction involves myocardial cell death due to ischemia. In severe cases, it may lead to rupture of the papillary muscle, resulting in mitral valve regurgitation. Some patients may experience symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, elevated blood pressure, and difficulty breathing. Under medical guidance, patients may take medications such as enteric-coated aspirin tablets, clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate tablets, or ticagrelor tablets to improve their condition. In severe cases, procedures such as stent implantation, emergency coronary artery bypass grafting, or percutaneous coronary intervention may be performed at a正规 hospital.

During treatment, patients should closely monitor their condition and maintain healthy lifestyle habits. If additional symptoms arise, they should promptly inform their doctor and receive appropriate symptomatic treatment to avoid adverse effects on health.