How to treat left carotid artery plaque and carotid stenosis

In general, left carotid artery plaque and carotid stenosis may be caused by factors such as smoking, aortitis, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under the guidance of a qualified physician. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Smoking

Long-term smoking may lead to left carotid artery plaque and carotid stenosis. This is because cigarettes contain large amounts of nicotine and carbon monoxide, which can damage the inner lining of the carotid arteries, promote platelet accumulation, and consequently cause the aforementioned conditions. Maintaining healthy lifestyle habits and avoiding smoking are beneficial for overall health.

2. Aortitis

Aortitis refers to a chronic nonspecific inflammatory disease affecting the aorta, its major branches, and the pulmonary artery. It is often associated with genetic factors, immune dysfunction, and high estrogen levels, and may lead to left carotid artery plaque and carotid stenosis. Patients may also experience symptoms such as fatigue and fever. Under medical supervision, medications such as cyclophosphamide tablets, methotrexate tablets, and azathioprine tablets may be used to alleviate symptoms.

3. Hypertension

Hypertension, caused by long-term unhealthy habits or genetic factors, may lead to systemic arteriolar vasospasm and accelerate atherosclerosis. It may also increase cardiac load and blood viscosity, thereby contributing to the formation of left carotid artery plaque and stenosis. Antihypertensive drugs such as nifedipine tablets, methyldopa tablets, and captopril sustained-release tablets may be taken as prescribed to control blood pressure and relieve symptoms.

4. Diabetes

Diabetes, caused by genetic and autoimmune factors, may elevate blood glucose levels and increase mucoid content in vessel walls, promoting atherosclerosis and potentially leading to left carotid artery plaque and carotid stenosis. Patients may also exhibit symptoms such as polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and weight loss. Under medical guidance, medications such as insulin glargine injection, insulin aspart injection, and insulin degludec injection may be used to control blood glucose and alleviate symptoms.

5. Hyperlipidemia

Hyperlipidemia may result from long-term high-fat, high-sugar diets and excessive alcohol consumption. Elevated blood lipid levels can easily lead to fat deposition on vessel walls, forming left carotid artery plaques and possibly causing carotid stenosis. Patients may also experience dizziness and fatigue. As directed by a physician, medications such as pravastatin sodium tablets, atorvastatin calcium tablets, and bezafibrate tablets may be used to help relieve symptoms.

Maintaining healthy lifestyle habits is important. Engaging in appropriate physical activities such as running, jumping rope, and swimming can enhance immunity and promote overall health.