What causes white hair?

In general, white hair may be caused by factors such as genetics, prolonged sun exposure, inadequate nutrient intake, hyperthyroidism, or vitiligo. If discomfort occurs, medical attention should be sought promptly. Specific explanations are as follows:

1. Genetics: Genetic factors are one of the main causes of white hair. They may affect melanin production and distribution, leading to loss of hair color. Individuals with family members who developed premature white hair are more likely to experience it themselves.

2. Prolonged Sun Exposure: Extended exposure to sunlight, especially without protecting the hair, can allow ultraviolet (UV) rays to damage hair structure and pigment cells, accelerating melanin loss and resulting in white hair. This is particularly common in areas with thinning hair, such as the hairline and crown.

3. Inadequate Nutrient Intake: Insufficient nutrition may lead to deficiencies in key nutrients required for melanin production, such as vitamin B12, iron, and zinc. These nutrients play important roles in melanin synthesis and secretion; their deficiency may impair melanin production and accelerate the onset of white hair. A daily diet rich in nutritious foods—such as vegetables, fruits, and milk—is recommended.

4. Hyperthyroidism: Hyperthyroidism is an endocrine disorder characterized by excessive secretion of thyroid hormones, which may interfere with melanin production and distribution, potentially causing white hair or increasing its presence, especially among younger individuals. Medications such as Xiao Jin Wan, Xia Ku Cao Granules, or Yi Kang Wan may be used under a doctor's guidance.

5. Vitiligo: Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks melanocytes, resulting in loss of pigment in the skin and hair. When vitiligo affects areas containing hair follicles, white hair may appear. White hair caused by vitiligo is often localized and asymmetric. Medications such as Qu Bai Ba Bu Qi Tablets, Methoxsalen Tablets, or Bai Ling Tablets may be used under medical supervision to alleviate symptoms.

In daily life, maintaining a regular sleep schedule and engaging in moderate exercise are recommended to support overall hair health.