What causes urinary incontinence in women?

Female urinary incontinence may be caused by factors such as pregnancy, pelvic floor muscle dysfunction, urethritis, cystitis, or neurogenic bladder. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under the guidance of a qualified physician. Specific analysis is as follows:

1. Pregnancy: As the uterus gradually enlarges, it may exert pressure on the bladder, reducing its volume and increasing internal pressure, which can lead to urine leakage. This is considered a normal physiological phenomenon and typically does not require special treatment.

2. Pelvic floor muscle dysfunction: During childbirth, women may experience some degree of damage to the pelvic floor muscles, which can weaken their ability to support the urethra and bladder, making urinary leakage more likely. Women are advised to perform pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation exercises, such as Kegel exercises, to strengthen these muscles and improve symptoms of incontinence.

3. Urethritis: This condition may be associated with factors such as frequent late nights or excessive alcohol consumption. Bacterial invasion of the urethra commonly causes symptoms including urgency and pain during urination. In severe cases, patients may also experience urinary incontinence or leakage. Patients are advised to follow medical instructions when taking medications such as Roxithromycin tablets, Azithromycin capsules, or Cefixime capsules.

4. Cystitis: Often caused by bacterial infections, such as Escherichia coli, localized infection may lead to symptoms like urine leakage and frequent urination. Patients are advised to take medications such as Amoxicillin tablets, Ampicillin capsules, or Cefadroxil granules as directed by a physician.

5. Neurogenic bladder: This may be related to central nervous system disorders or infectious diseases. The condition can impair bladder function, leading to symptoms such as frequent urination, urinary incontinence, and urine leakage. Patients should use medications such as Tolterodine fumarate tablets, Tamsulosin hydrochloride sustained-release capsules, or Solifenacin succinate tablets under medical supervision to manage symptoms.

In daily life, patients are encouraged to drink plenty of warm water, engage in regular physical exercise (such as playing table tennis or jogging), and maintain good local hygiene, all of which can benefit recovery.