What does it mean when there's a fleshy lump protruding from the anus?

Generally, a protruding lump near the anus may be caused by factors such as internal hemorrhoids, external hemorrhoids, perianal eczema, genital warts (condyloma acuminata), or anal polyps. Patients should promptly visit a reputable medical facility to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Internal Hemorrhoids: Internal hemorrhoids are varicose venous masses occurring above the dentate line of the anus, covered by mucous membrane. Symptoms include painless rectal bleeding, prolapse of hemorrhoidal tissue, and constipation. When the hemorrhoid prolapses, it leads to the aforementioned condition. Treatment under medical guidance may include medications such as hemorrhoid suppositories, Huazhi suppositories, or Zhisuening tablets.

2. External Hemorrhoids: External hemorrhoids occur below the dentate line of the anal canal, close to the anal opening. They result from varicosities in the external hemorrhoidal venous plexus, inflammation, enlargement, or hyperplasia of connective tissue in the anal skin folds, or thrombosis. These changes lead to the symptoms described. Treatment options under medical supervision may include lidocaine cream, Ma Yinglong Musk Hemorrhoid Ointment, or musk hemorrhoid suppositories. In severe cases, rubber band ligation at a qualified hospital may be necessary.

3. Perianal Eczema: Perianal eczema is an allergic skin disorder affecting the skin around the anus, often related to exposure to allergens. Symptoms include local redness, swelling, itching, and papules; some patients may experience the aforementioned lump-like sensation. Treatment under medical guidance may involve topical medications such as tacrolimus ointment, Qishenlian eczema ointment, or calamine lotion.

4. Anal Genital Warts (Condyloma Acuminata): Genital warts are sexually transmitted infections caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). The main symptoms are skin or mucosal growths appearing around the anus or on the external genitalia, which may be accompanied by a foreign body sensation, pain, or itching. In such cases, patients should seek treatment at a qualified hospital, such as cryotherapy.

5. Anal Polyps: Anal polyps are pedunculated round or oval growths on the mucosa of the anal canal or rectum that can protrude into the intestinal cavity and move up and down. Symptoms include painless rectal bleeding and prolapse; some patients may also present with the aforementioned lump. Treatment options include endoscopic polypectomy or transanal excision, performed at a reputable medical facility.

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