What causes dark spots on the face?
May 21, 2024
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Wang Xiaoyan
Introduction
Facial dark spots may be caused by improper use of cosmetics, excessive sun exposure, endocrine disorders, seborrheic keratosis, liver dysfunction, and other factors. It is important to avoid prolonged sun exposure in daily life, take proper sun protection measures, choose mild and non-irritating skincare products, maintain a regular sleep schedule to prevent hormonal imbalances, eat more foods rich in vitamins and antioxidants, and support normal liver function.
Generally, dark spots on the face may be caused by improper use of cosmetics, excessive sun exposure, endocrine disorders, seborrheic keratosis, or liver dysfunction. If discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly. Specific causes are analyzed as follows:
1. Improper use of cosmetics
Certain cosmetics may contain excessive levels of heavy metals such as lead and mercury, or other skin-damaging ingredients. Long-term or improper use can lead to skin pigmentation and the formation of dark spots, possibly accompanied by mild itching or irritation. Discontinue using the current cosmetic products immediately and switch to gentle, non-irritating products. Avoid over-cleansing and skin irritation.
2. Excessive sun exposure
Prolonged exposure to sunlight allows ultraviolet (UV) rays to stimulate the skin, increasing melanocyte activity and causing overproduction of melanin, which leads to dark spots. Other symptoms such as skin swelling may also occur. It is important to avoid prolonged sun exposure and take proper sun protection measures when going outdoors.
3. Endocrine disorders
Endocrine imbalances caused by factors such as mental stress, fatigue, and high pressure may disrupt normal melanocyte metabolism, resulting in pigmentation and dark spots. This condition may be accompanied by menstrual irregularities, insomnia, and mood swings. Treatment under medical guidance may include medications such as vitamin E soft capsules, Wuji Baifeng pills, and tretinoin cream.
4. Seborrheic keratosis
Seborrheic keratosis mostly occurs in the elderly but can also affect younger individuals. The condition is usually associated with genetic factors, aging, and sun exposure, and may be accompanied by mild itching or prickling sensations. Treatments prescribed by a doctor may include topical 5-fluorouracil cream, vitamin C tablets, and dexamethasone acetate cream.
5. Liver dysfunction
Abnormal liver function may lead to hormonal metabolic disorders and endocrine imbalances, thereby affecting normal melanocyte metabolism and causing pigmentation and dark spots. Symptoms may include jaundice, fatigue, and loss of appetite. Under medical supervision, treatment may involve medications such as compound glycyrrhizin tablets, polyene phosphatidylcholine capsules, and hydroquinone cream.
To prevent facial dark spots, it is important to avoid prolonged sun exposure and consistently apply sun protection. Use gentle, non-irritating cosmetics and skincare products, and avoid those containing harmful ingredients like heavy metals. Maintain a regular sleep schedule, reduce mental stress to prevent endocrine disorders, follow a balanced diet rich in vitamins and antioxidants, and support healthy liver function.
