What causes eye swelling and pain?

Under normal circumstances, eye swelling and pain may be caused by factors such as ocular trauma, dry eye syndrome, keratitis, dacryocystitis, or glaucoma. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under the guidance of a qualified physician. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Ocular Trauma

When the eye sustains trauma or external impact, the eyeball may suffer subcutaneous tissue damage due to the force, leading to symptoms such as swelling and pain. Local cold compresses can help constrict capillaries and alleviate symptoms. Additionally, medications such as ibuprofen tablets, acetaminophen tablets, or diclofenac sodium may be used as directed by a physician.

2. Dry Eye Syndrome

Dry eye syndrome typically results from prolonged熬夜 (staying up late), extended use of electronic devices, or long reading sessions, which lead to insufficient tear secretion or excessive evaporation, causing abnormalities in tear composition and resulting in eye discomfort, including eye fatigue, dryness, and aching pain. Treatment may include sodium hyaluronate eye drops, aescin-digitalis glycoside eye drops, or compound taurine eye drops, used under a doctor's guidance.

3. Keratitis

Keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea caused by exogenous or endogenous pathogens invading corneal tissue and weakening its defense mechanisms. Because the corneal epithelium is rich in nerve fibers, inflammatory stimulation may cause symptoms such as tearing, redness, or aching pain. Treatment may include erythromycin eye ointment, levofloxacin hydrochloride eye drops, or ganciclovir eye drops, as prescribed by a physician.

4. Dacryocystitis

Dacryocystitis is associated with age and seasonal factors. Due to blockage of the tear duct, bacteria and tears may accumulate in the lacrimal sac for prolonged periods, causing eye redness, tearing, and a sensation of swelling and pain. Treatment may include pranoprofen eye drops, gatifloxacin eye drops, or chloramphenicol eye drops, used under medical supervision.

5. Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a group of diseases characterized by distinctive optic nerve atrophy and visual field defects. Symptoms may include eye pressure, eye pain, eyelid spasms, and conjunctival congestion. Treatment may involve pilocarpine nitrate eye drops, timolol maleate eye drops, or brimonidine tartrate eye drops, as directed by a physician.

In summary, it is important to develop good eye-use habits, maintain proper eye hygiene, and prevent bacterial infections of the eyes.