What causes red spots on the skin?

Skin redness is generally caused by factors such as emotional stress, ultraviolet (UV) exposure, contact dermatitis, urticaria, or psoriasis. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly and receive symptomatic treatment under the guidance of a qualified physician. Specific causes are analyzed as follows:

1. Emotional Factors

When the body experiences intense emotions such as extreme anger or fear, the sympathetic nervous system becomes activated, causing constriction of small peripheral blood vessels in the skin and reduced local blood flow. This leads to tissue hypoxia and subsequent redness. Symptoms may also include mild itching or a burning sensation. Once emotions stabilize, symptoms typically resolve naturally.

2. UV Radiation

Prolonged exposure to sunlight allows UV rays to damage skin cells, triggering an inflammatory response that results in redness. This may be accompanied by sensations of heat, mild swelling, and pain. Apply sunscreen regularly when going outdoors and avoid extended sun exposure.

3. Contact Dermatitis

After skin comes into contact with certain allergens, the substance may irritate the skin or provoke an allergic reaction, damaging the skin barrier and causing redness. Symptoms may also include itching, swelling, and rashes. Avoiding known allergens in daily life can help manage this condition.

4. Urticaria

Urticaria is an allergic vasculitic disorder commonly triggered by allergens such as foods, medications, or environmental substances. These allergens activate mast cells, leading to the release of mediators like histamine, which cause blood vessel dilation and increased permeability, resulting in redness and wheals (hives). Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain may also occur. Treatment should follow medical advice and may include medications such as ephedrine-diphenhydramine tablets, cetirizine hydrochloride tablets, or cyproheptadine hydrochloride tablets.

5. Psoriasis

A chronic inflammatory skin disease caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It presents as scaly red patches or plaques covered with thick, silvery-white scales, and may be accompanied by itching. Treatment should follow medical guidance and may include isotretinoin, vitamin A acid ester capsules, or tretinoin cream.

To maintain healthy skin, it is important to remain emotionally balanced, practice proper sun protection during daily activities to minimize UV damage, and avoid contact with potential allergens to reduce the likelihood of skin redness and other discomforts.