What causes heatstroke?

Generally, heatstroke is a common heat-related illness that primarily occurs in high-temperature and high-humidity environments when the body fails to dissipate heat effectively, leading to impaired thermoregulation. Heatstroke is mainly caused by high environmental temperatures, intense physical activity, obesity, dehydration, diabetes, and other factors. If discomfort occurs, seek medical attention immediately. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. High Environmental Temperature

In hot environments, the body normally dissipates heat through sweating and skin vasodilation. When ambient temperature exceeds 35°C, sweat evaporation slows down and cooling efficiency decreases, making heatstroke more likely. Immediately move out of the high-temperature environment, rest in a cool place, and replenish with cool beverages and electrolyte-containing fluids.

2. Intense Physical Activity

Engaging in strenuous exercise under high temperatures generates excessive body heat. If heat dissipation is inadequate, body temperature rises, leading to signs of heatstroke. Stop exercising immediately, move quickly to a cool, well-ventilated area to rest, and drink electrolyte-rich beverages such as sports drinks or oral calcium gluconate solution.

3. Obesity

Individuals with obesity have thicker subcutaneous fat layers, which impede heat dissipation. Additionally, their higher metabolic rate increases heat production, disrupting normal thermoregulation and increasing susceptibility to heatstroke. Weight loss and maintaining a healthy weight are recommended, along with avoiding prolonged activity in hot environments. In case of heatstroke, rapid cooling measures such as wiping the body with cold water should be applied.

4. Dehydration

Dehydration may result from insufficient fluid intake or loss of electrolytes. In a dehydrated state, blood viscosity increases, impairing circulation and heat dissipation, thereby increasing the risk of heatstroke in high temperatures. Symptoms may include thirst and dry skin. Under professional medical guidance, medications such as furosemide tablets, Huoxiang Zhengqi water, or lactic acid bacteria tablets may be used for treatment.

5. Diabetes

Poor lifestyle habits leading to reduced insulin levels are primary contributors to diabetes. Diabetes can affect the neuroendocrine system, reducing the sensitivity and responsiveness of the body's thermoregulatory center, making it difficult for patients to maintain normal body temperature in hot environments, thus increasing the risk of heatstroke. Symptoms may include chest tightness and palpitations. It is recommended to follow medical advice and use medications such as acetaminophen tablets, metformin tablets, or gliclazide modified-release tablets for treatment.

After experiencing heatstroke, avoid strenuous exercise and working in high-temperature environments. Diet should be light and easily digestible, avoiding greasy and irritating foods.