What causes dull pain in the lower left abdomen and how should it be managed?

Generally, dull pain in the lower left abdomen is caused by factors such as intestinal motility, ovulation, muscle strain or tension, urinary tract infections, or pancolitis. Management may include general measures or medications under a doctor's guidance. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly and receive treatment under professional supervision. Specific causes are analyzed as follows:

1. Intestinal Motility

Intestinal peristalsis is a normal part of the digestive process. However, accumulation of gas or stool in the intestines may sometimes cause localized discomfort or dull pain in the lower left abdomen. Appropriate physical activity, increased dietary fiber intake, and avoiding gas-producing foods such as legumes and carbonated beverages can help alleviate symptoms.

2. Ovulation

During ovulation, women may experience mild pain in the lower left abdomen when the ovary releases an egg. This physiological pain typically does not require specific treatment and can be relieved with heat application or light exercise.

3. Muscle Strain or Tension

Overstretching or injury to muscles or ligaments can trigger a local inflammatory response, potentially causing dull pain and discomfort in the lower left abdomen. Rest, ice application, gentle massage, and physical therapy can help relieve symptoms.

4. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

Urinary tract infections are usually caused by the growth and reproduction of pathogens such as bacteria in the urinary tract. Inflammation from a UTI can irritate the mucous membranes of the urinary tract, leading to dull pain in the lower left abdomen, often accompanied by symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, painful urination, or blood in the urine. Patients may take medications such as cefuroxime axetil tablets, levofloxacin tablets, or azithromycin dispersible tablets as directed by a physician.

5. Pancolitis

Pancolitis is generally inflammation caused by bacterial or viral infections. Inflammatory irritation of the intestinal mucosa may lead to intestinal congestion and edema, resulting in pain in the lower left abdomen, possibly accompanied by diarrhea, constipation, or bloody stools. Treatment should follow medical advice and may include medications such as mesalazine enteric-coated tablets, sulfasalazine enteric-coated tablets, or enteritis relief tablets.

It is recommended to develop healthy lifestyle habits, maintain a proper balance between work and rest, and avoid excessive fatigue to promote overall health.