What causes lower back pain and abdominal pain before menstruation?

Pain in the lower back and abdomen before menstruation may generally be caused by endometrial shedding, hormonal changes, pelvic inflammatory disease, salpingo-oophoritis, or endometriosis. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly and identify the underlying cause under the guidance of a qualified physician before initiating treatment. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Endometrial Shedding

During the menstrual cycle, if no fertilized egg implants, the endometrial lining begins to shed and is expelled from the body, which may lead to lower back and abdominal pain. Maintaining adequate rest and a balanced diet in daily life can help alleviate discomfort.

2. Hormonal Changes

Prior to menstruation, fluctuations in female hormone levels may cause congestion in the pelvis and uterus, resulting in lower back and abdominal pain. Avoiding excessive fatigue and maintaining regular sleep patterns with sufficient rest can help reduce symptoms.

3. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

PID is usually caused by infection of the upper female reproductive tract. Inflammation can lead to pelvic congestion and edema, causing pain in the lower back and abdomen. Patients may also experience increased vaginal discharge and painful intercourse. Treatment may include medications such as metronidazole tablets, tinidazole tablets, or doxycycline hydrochloride tablets, as prescribed by a doctor.

4. Salpingo-oophoritis

Salpingo-oophoritis is typically caused by infection, leading to ovarian swelling and adhesions that may compress surrounding tissues. Hormonal changes before menstruation can trigger lower back and abdominal pain. Common accompanying symptoms include a sensation of heaviness in the lower abdomen and dyspareunia (pain during intercourse). Under medical supervision, treatment may involve medications such as amoxicillin capsules, levofloxacin capsules, or Fuyankang tablets.

5. Endometriosis

Ectopic endometrial tissue is influenced by hormonal changes during menstruation, leading to bleeding and shedding. However, because this blood cannot be properly expelled, it may cause inflammation and adhesions, resulting in lower back and abdominal pain before menstruation. Symptoms may include dysmenorrhea (painful periods) and painful intercourse. Treatment under medical guidance may include mifepristone tablets, indomethacin capsules, or norethisterone tablets.

In daily life, maintaining a balanced diet, regular sleep patterns, adequate rest, and moderate physical activity can help support overall health and well-being.