What causes abdominal bloating and pain?

Generally, lower abdominal pain and bloating may be caused by factors such as a cold abdomen, poor dietary habits, lack of physical activity, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), or endometriosis. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under the guidance of a qualified physician. Specific analysis is as follows:

1. Cold abdomen

When the abdomen becomes chilled, gastrointestinal blood vessels may constrict, impairing digestive function and leading to symptoms of lower abdominal pain and bloating. It is important to keep the abdomen warm and avoid exposure to cold.

2. Poor dietary habits

Eating too quickly, consuming foods that produce excessive gas, or overeating can lead to abdominal fullness and pain. Improving eating habits, such as chewing food thoroughly and eating slowly, is recommended.

3. Lack of physical activity

Prolonged sitting or insufficient exercise can slow gastrointestinal motility, resulting in lower abdominal discomfort. Engaging in moderate stretching or physical activities helps promote gastrointestinal movement.

4. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

IBS is primarily caused by an imbalance in intestinal microbiota. The intestines exhibit exaggerated responses to certain stimuli, leading to abnormal intestinal motility and symptoms such as abdominal pain and bloating. Diarrhea or constipation may also occur. Treatment may include medications such as pinaverium bromide tablets, atropine sulfate tablets, or trimebutine maleate tablets, as prescribed by a doctor.

5. Endometriosis

Endometriosis may result from genetic factors, prolonged exposure to chemicals, or immune system abnormalities. Abnormal growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus can bleed cyclically with menstruation, potentially causing inflammation and adhesions, leading to lower abdominal pain and bloating. Symptoms often include menstrual irregularities and painful intercourse. Treatment options under medical supervision may include ibuprofen sustained-release capsules, danazol capsules, or medroxyprogesterone acetate tablets.

Maintaining regular eating habits and avoiding overeating are important. Moderate exercise, such as walking, jogging, or yoga, can help enhance intestinal motility and alleviate symptoms of lower abdominal pain and bloating.