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What causes a hoarse voice?

Sep 22, 2024 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Lu Cheng
Introduction
Hoarseness may be caused by factors such as vocal strain, dry environments, colds, pharyngitis, or vocal cord polyps. In daily life, it is important to use the voice appropriately, avoid speaking loudly or singing for prolonged periods, and maintain proper indoor humidity to help prevent hoarseness and other throat discomforts.

Generally speaking, a hoarse voice refers to voice hoarseness. Hoarseness may be caused by excessive use of the voice, dry environments, colds, pharyngitis, vocal cord polyps, or other reasons. If the above conditions occur, it is recommended to seek medical treatment promptly. Specific analysis is as follows:

1. Excessive Use of the Voice

Long-term and intense use of the voice—such as loud talking, singing, or prolonged speaking—can cause excessive vibration and friction of the vocal cords, leading to congestion and swelling, which results in hoarseness. It is advisable to reduce talking and allow the vocal cords adequate rest.

2. Dry Environment

Spending extended periods in dry environments, such as air-conditioned or heated rooms, can cause the mucous membranes of the throat to dry out, affecting normal vocal cord vibration and resulting in hoarseness. This can be improved in daily life by using a humidifier to increase indoor humidity.

3. Cold

Colds are usually caused by viral infections. Viruses or bacteria may invade the larynx, causing congestion and swelling of the laryngeal mucosa, thus leading to the aforementioned symptoms. Symptoms may include coughing and sputum production. Treatment should follow medical advice and may involve antiviral oral solutions, acetaminophen tablets, compound licorice oral solution, and other medications.

4. Pharyngitis

Pharyngitis can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or long-term irritation. It leads to congestion and swelling of the pharyngeal mucosa, thereby affecting vocal cord vibration and causing hoarseness. Symptoms may include sore throat and a sensation of a foreign body. Treatment should follow medical guidance and may include amoxicillin capsules, banlangen granules, compound borax mouthwash, and other medications.

5. Vocal Cord Polyps

Vocal cord polyps are often caused by excessive or improper voice use. Polyps can interfere with normal vocal cord vibration, leading to hoarseness. Symptoms may include a sensation of a foreign body in the throat or loss of voice. Patients should follow medical advice and may be treated with medications such as prednisolone acetate injection, lansoprazole enteric-coated tablets, and Jinshang Sanjie pills.

In daily life, it is important to use the voice appropriately, avoid prolonged loud talking or singing, and maintain suitable indoor humidity to prevent hoarseness and other throat discomforts.

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