What causes arm soreness and swelling, and what should be done about it?

Sep 23, 2024 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Yang Ziqi

Introduction

The process of solid blood clots forming within the upper extremity venous system, including the internal jugular vein, is known as upper extremity venous thrombosis. This condition obstructs blood return, leading to venous congestion in the arm and resulting in symptoms such as arm soreness, swelling, pain, and increased skin temperature. Treatment with medications can be carried out under a doctor's guidance.

Generally, soreness and swelling in the arm may be caused by factors such as poor posture, overexertion, upper limb venous thrombosis, periarthritis of the shoulder, or cervical spondylosis. If discomfort occurs, timely medical consultation is recommended. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Poor Posture

Maintaining poor posture for prolonged periods—such as looking down at a mobile phone or computer—may compress nerves and blood vessels, leading to arm soreness and swelling, possibly accompanied by neck or shoulder discomfort. It is recommended to improve posture during work or daily activities and to regularly stretch and move the limbs to relax muscles.

2. Overexertion

Repeated use of the arms over long periods—such as typing, weightlifting, or exercising—can lead to muscle fatigue, resulting in the aforementioned symptoms along with muscle pain and stiffness. Applying heat therapy can help promote blood circulation and relieve discomfort.

3. Upper Limb Venous Thrombosis

Upper limb venous thrombosis refers to the formation of solid blood clots within the upper limb venous system or internal jugular vein. These clots can obstruct blood return, causing blood congestion in the arm veins and resulting in symptoms such as soreness, swelling, pain, and increased skin temperature. Under medical guidance, medications such as low-molecular-weight heparin sodium injection, warfarin sodium tablets, or enteric-coated aspirin sustained-release tablets may be used for treatment.

4. Periarthritis of the Shoulder

Periarthritis of the shoulder is caused by inflammation of shoulder tissues including muscles, tendons, and bursae. It may lead to shoulder pain and restricted movement, thereby causing the aforementioned symptoms. It is often accompanied by shoulder pain and tenderness. Under medical supervision, physical therapies such as heat application and massage may be performed to promote resolution of inflammation.

5. Cervical Spondylosis

Prolonged compression of the cervical spine may lead to cervical spondylosis. When nerve roots in the arm are compressed due to cervical spondylosis, symptoms such as soreness, numbness in the upper limbs, and headaches may occur. It is recommended to undergo traction therapy using a cervical traction device under the supervision of a physician at a qualified hospital, and to take medications such as aspirin tablets, acetaminophen tablets, or indomethacin tablets as directed by a doctor for supportive treatment.

In daily life, appropriate physical exercise can be increased to enhance physical strength and boost immune function.

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