How should hyperuricemia be treated?
Sep 23, 2024
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Ziqi
Introduction
In general, hyperuricemia may be caused by factors such as female menopause, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, kidney disease, and hypertension. Different treatment approaches should be selected according to the specific underlying cause. In daily life, patients should limit intake of high-purine foods, drink plenty of water, maintain a healthy body weight to avoid obesity, and engage in appropriate physical exercise, all of which can help promote recovery.
Under normal circumstances, hyperuricemia may be caused by factors such as female menopause, long-term alcohol consumption, obesity, hypertension, and kidney disease. Different treatment methods should be selected according to the specific cause, including dietary adjustments, medication, and others. A detailed analysis is as follows:
1. Female Menopause
After menopause, women may experience reduced uric acid excretion due to hormonal changes, leading to hyperuricemia. It is important to limit intake of high-purine foods; the diet should primarily consist of low-purine foods such as eggs, apples, spinach, and broccoli. Appropriate physical exercise can also help alleviate the condition.
2. Long-Term Alcohol Consumption
Alcohol inhibits uric acid excretion. Prolonged drinking can stimulate increased purine synthesis, thereby causing hyperuricemia. Patients often have accompanying liver damage, digestive system disorders, or neurological problems. Complete abstinence from alcohol and smoking cessation are recommended, along with regular sleep patterns. Medications such as allopurinol tablets, febuxostat tablets, and benzbromarone tablets may be used under medical guidance.
3. Obesity
In individuals with obesity, insulin resistance may lead to decreased uric acid excretion, resulting in hyperuricemia. These patients may also present with comorbidities such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or diabetes. Under a doctor's supervision, medications such as metformin hydrochloride tablets, atorvastatin calcium tablets, and probenecid tablets may be prescribed for treatment.
4. Kidney Disease
In patients with kidney disease, a decreased glomerular filtration rate may reduce uric acid excretion, triggering hyperuricemia. Symptoms commonly include edema, hypertension, and anemia. Treatment under medical direction may include medications such as bumetanide tablets, compound cyclophosphamide tablets, and prednisone acetate tablets.
5. Hypertension
Hypertension can alter renal hemodynamics, affecting tubular reabsorption and excretion of uric acid, thus leading to hyperuricemia. Common symptoms include headache, palpitations, and blurred vision. Medications such as losartan potassium tablets, irbesartan tablets, and sodium bicarbonate tablets may be used as directed by a physician.
In daily life, patients should restrict intake of high-purine foods such as animal offal, seafood, and meat products; increase fluid intake to prevent urate deposition in urine, maintain a healthy body weight to avoid obesity, and engage in moderate physical activity, all of which contribute to recovery.
