What does it mean when there are white spots on the nails?

Under normal circumstances, white spots on the nails may be caused by aging, minor trauma, zinc deficiency, onychomycosis, psoriasis, or other reasons. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive appropriate treatment under the guidance of a professional physician. Specific analysis is as follows:

1. Aging

As people age, changes in the blood vessels and tissues beneath the nail plate may affect normal nail growth and pigment deposition, leading to the formation of white spots. Usually, no special treatment is required; maintaining good nail hygiene and regular trimming is sufficient.

2. Minor Trauma

Minor external force applied to the nail can damage blood vessels beneath the nail bed, causing blood leakage and coagulation under the nail, which appears as white spots. Pay attention to hand safety, avoid repeated injuries, and maintain healthy skin around the nails. The white spots typically disappear gradually as the nail grows out.

3. Zinc Deficiency

Zinc is an essential trace element for maintaining healthy nails. A deficiency may lead to the appearance of white spots on the nails. It is recommended to consume foods rich in zinc, such as oysters, clams, scallops, and other shellfish.

4. Onychomycosis (Fungal Nail Infection)

Onychomycosis is usually caused by fungal infection. Fungi invade the nail plate, disrupting its structure and potentially causing abnormal pigment deposition, resulting in white spots. This condition is often accompanied by symptoms such as brittle, fragile nails and nail bed separation. Follow your doctor's instructions to use antifungal medications such as itraconazole capsules, terbinafine hydrochloride cream, or amorolfine hydrochloride solution.

5. Psoriasis

Psoriasis is commonly triggered by infections, genetic factors, or other causes. Infections may lead to abnormal proliferation of the skin and nails, forming small pustules. As these pustules rupture, they leave white spots on the nails. This condition is usually also associated with joint pain, red scaly patches on the skin, and other symptoms. Under medical supervision, treatments may include methotrexate tablets, tacalcitol ointment, calcipotriol ointment, and other medications.

In daily life, pay close attention to the condition of your nails and improve dietary habits by consuming more fresh fruits and vegetables such as apples and bananas to promote healthier nails.