What are the symptoms of umbilical cord infection?

Umbilical cord infection is one of the common complications in the neonatal period, primarily caused by bacterial invasion of the unhealed umbilical stump. In general, symptoms of umbilical cord infection mainly include redness, swelling, heat, and pain; abnormal discharge; moist base of the umbilical cord; systemic symptoms; abdominal distension and vomiting. If physical discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly and receive treatment under the guidance of a qualified physician. Specific analysis is as follows:

1. Redness, Swelling, Heat, and Pain

Redness and swelling may appear around the skin of the umbilical cord, possibly accompanied by local warmth and pain. When the umbilical area is infected by bacteria, the body produces an inflammatory response, leading to local congestion, edema, and pain. Redness and swelling are typical manifestations of inflammation, indicating the presence of infection.

2. Abnormal Discharge

During umbilical cord infection, abnormal discharge may appear at the base or surrounding area of the umbilical cord. This discharge may be white, yellow, or purulent, sometimes accompanied by an unpleasant odor. The presence of discharge is one of the key indicators of infection.

3. Moist Base of the Umbilical Cord

The base or surrounding area of the umbilical cord may remain continuously moist due to increased exudate caused by infection. This moist environment promotes bacterial growth and reproduction, thereby worsening the infection.

4. Systemic Symptoms

In more severe cases of infection, systemic symptoms such as fever, chills, and muscle aches may occur. These symptoms indicate that the infection has spread systemically and requires prompt treatment.

5. Abdominal Distension and Vomiting

Abdominal distension and vomiting are not commonly seen in umbilical cord infections. However, if the infection spreads into the abdominal cavity or leads to serious complications such as peritonitis, these symptoms may appear. Abdominal distension may result from intestinal paralysis or gas accumulation due to intra-abdominal inflammation; vomiting may be caused by gastrointestinal irritation from the inflammation.

When umbilical cord infection occurs, it is recommended to follow medical advice and use medications such as povidone-iodine solution, benzalkonium chloride solution, or chlorhexidine acetate solution for treatment. In daily life, it is advisable to keep the newborn clean and dry, avoiding excessive moisture that could lead to discomfort.