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What are the causes of sudden rectal bleeding in an 80-year-old elderly person?

Sep 30, 2024 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Li Jingxiang
Introduction
In general, sudden rectal bleeding in elderly individuals may be caused by factors such as diet, strenuous exercise, hemorrhoids, peptic ulcers, or anal fissures. Treatment options include general management and medication. If any discomfort occurs, prompt medical consultation is recommended. Elderly individuals should maintain a balanced diet, avoid intense physical activity, and engage in moderate, gentle exercise regularly.

In general, sudden rectal bleeding in elderly individuals may be caused by dietary factors, intense physical activity, hemorrhoids, peptic ulcers, anal fissures, or other reasons. Treatment options include general management and medication. If discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Dietary Factors

Consuming foods rich in natural red pigments—such as red-fleshed dragon fruit or tomatoes—may cause stools to appear red or blood-like. The symptom of bloody stool typically resolves on its own after discontinuing intake of these foods or substances.

2. Intense Physical Activity

During vigorous exercise, the intestines may bleed due to accelerated blood circulation or minor mucosal injury. It is advisable to rest adequately and avoid strenuous activities; instead, engage in gentle exercises such as tai chi or walking.

3. Hemorrhoids

Prolonged sitting or standing can trigger hemorrhoids. During bowel movements, stool may rub against or compress hemorrhoidal tissue, causing surface mucosal damage and bleeding. This may be accompanied by symptoms such as anal pain, a sensation of heaviness, and itching. Medications such as Ma Yinglong Musk Hemorrhoid Ointment, Gantai Ointment, or Yunnan Baiyao Hemorrhoid Ointment may be used under medical guidance.

4. Peptic Ulcer

Excessive gastric acid secretion can lead to peptic ulcers. When an ulcer erodes into submucosal blood vessels, it may cause bloody stools, possibly accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. Treatment may include medications such as omeprazole enteric-coated capsules, ranitidine hydrochloride capsules, or sucralfate chewable tablets, used under medical supervision.

5. Anal Fissure

Anal fissures are commonly caused by constipation or anal trauma. Bleeding from the fissure may mix with stool or coat its surface, resulting in visible rectal bleeding. Symptoms may also include difficulty defecating, perianal itching, and moisture. Patients should follow medical advice to use medications such as ibuprofen sustained-release capsules, erythromycin ointment, or mupirocin ointment.

Elderly individuals should maintain a balanced diet, avoid intense physical exertion, and engage in moderate, gentle physical activity regularly.

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