Why did HPV turn negative and then become positive for type 16 again?

Generally, HPV refers to human papillomavirus. Reappearance of a positive result after a previously negative HPV test may be related to testing errors, low immunity, non-persistent infection, viral reinfection, or incomplete treatment. It is recommended to seek medical advice promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive appropriate treatment under the guidance of a qualified physician. Specific explanations are as follows:

1. Testing Errors

The sensitivity and specificity of human papillomavirus detection methods are not 100%. False-negative or false-positive results may occur due to technical limitations or improper sample collection. In such cases, repeat testing or using more sensitive detection methods is necessary for confirmation.

2. Low Immunity

Chronic sleep deprivation, excessive alcohol consumption, malnutrition, or having other illnesses can lead to weakened immune function. When immunity is insufficient to resist the virus, even if HPV had previously turned negative, the virus may become reactivated or cause reinfection. It is advisable to maintain a healthy lifestyle, including regular sleep patterns, balanced diet, and moderate exercise, to strengthen the immune system.

3. Non-Persistent Infection

HPV infection can be either persistent or non-persistent. In cases of non-persistent infection, although the virus may test negative in the short term, it has not been completely eliminated from the body, leaving potential for recurrence. In such situations, patients may need regular HPV testing under medical supervision to monitor viral activity.

4. Viral Reinfection

There are many subtypes of HPV. Even after clearance of an initial infection, individuals may become reinfected with the same or different HPV types through contact with new carriers. This may lead to symptoms such as genital warts or cervical cellular abnormalities. It is recommended to follow medical advice and use medications such as ribavirin tablets, thymopeptide injection, and imiquimod cream for treatment.

5. Incomplete Treatment

The initial treatment may fail to completely eliminate all virus particles, allowing residual virus to reactivate and cause recurrent infection. Symptoms such as flat warts or cervicitis may commonly occur. Under a doctor's guidance, patients may use antiviral and immunomodulatory agents such as acyclovir tablets, pidotimod oral solution, and fluorouracil injection for treatment.

Patients are advised to maintain good personal hygiene and avoid unhygienic sexual practices during recovery. Additionally, eating a balanced diet and engaging in moderate physical activity can help boost immunity and improve overall health.