What causes small, itchy red pimples on the glans?

Small red pimples on the glans accompanied by itching are usually caused by excessive cleaning, hormonal changes, balanitis, candidiasis, or genital warts.

1. Excessive Cleaning

Over-cleaning or using irritating products can damage the natural skin barrier of the glans, leading to dryness and sensitivity. This may trigger inflammatory reactions, resulting in small red pimples and itching. Reduce the frequency of washing and avoid harsh products such as soap or shower gel. Use moisturizing lotions or creams containing ingredients like allantoin and glycerin to help repair the damaged skin barrier and relieve itching.

2. Hormonal Changes

Hormonal fluctuations during puberty can increase sebum production, clogging hair follicles and causing inflammation, which leads to small red pimples. Due to the sensitivity of the glans skin, itching may also occur. Maintain local hygiene using mild, non-irritating cleansers. Topical gels, lotions, or washes containing salicylic acid may help unclog follicles and reduce inflammation.

3. Balanitis

Phimosis or long foreskin can lead to poor local hygiene, triggering inflammation. Common symptoms include red rashes and itching on the glans; in severe cases, erosion and purulent discharge may occur. Treatment should be guided by a physician and may include antifungal medications such as nystatin tablets, fluconazole tablets, or itraconazole capsules. Keep the area clean and dry, and avoid excessive friction or irritation.

4. Candidiasis (Yeast Infection)

When immunity is reduced or the local environment is moist, Candida can overgrow and infect the skin of the glans, causing inflammation that results in small red pimples and itching. Symptoms may also include redness, swelling, and increased discharge. Treatment under medical supervision may involve oral or topical antifungal medications such as itraconazole capsules, terbinafine hydrochloride tablets, or ketoconazole cream.

5. Genital Warts

Genital warts are a sexually transmitted infection caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). They typically appear as red or pink papules on the glans, scrotum, or other genital areas, gradually increasing in size and number to form papillary, cauliflower-like, or cockscomb-shaped growths. Most cases are asymptomatic, but some individuals may experience a foreign body sensation, burning, itching, or discomfort during intercourse. Physicians typically use physical treatments such as laser therapy, cryotherapy, or electrocautery to remove the warts.

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, improving dietary habits, ensuring regular sleep patterns, and enhancing overall physical health can help reduce the risk of disease.