What are the reasons for being unable to get pregnant?

Difficulty in conceiving usually refers to infertility. In general, possible causes of infertility include age, unhealthy lifestyle habits, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, and fallopian tube blockage. It is recommended to undergo timely medical evaluation to identify the underlying cause and receive standardized treatment under the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider. Specific details are as follows:

1. Age

As women age, both the quality and quantity of eggs may decline. Reduced egg count and lower egg quality can lead to changes such as shortened or prolonged menstrual cycles and decreased menstrual flow, which may result in infertility. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle—including balanced nutrition, moderate physical activity, and avoiding smoking and alcohol—can help improve fertility.

2. Unhealthy Lifestyle Habits

Smoking, alcohol consumption, poor dietary habits, and lack of physical activity may impair fertility by causing hormonal imbalances and reducing sperm quality. These habits may also contribute to other health conditions such as hypertension and diabetes. Improving lifestyle by quitting smoking and alcohol, maintaining a balanced diet, and increasing physical activity is recommended.

3. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS may be associated with chronic stress, excessive obesity, and hormonal imbalances. The presence of multiple small cysts in the ovaries can disrupt hormone levels and interfere with ovulation, leading to infertility. Additional symptoms may include hirsutism (excessive hair growth), acne, and irregular menstruation. Under the guidance of a healthcare provider, patients may be treated with medications such as dydrogesterone tablets, combined medroxyprogesterone acetate capsules, or progesterone injections.

4. Endometriosis

Endometriosis may be caused by factors such as sexual intercourse during menstruation, miscarriage, or genetic predisposition. This condition can trigger inflammatory responses and lead to scar tissue formation, impairing ovarian function and fallopian tube patency, thereby interfering with fertilization and embryo implantation, resulting in infertility. Other symptoms may include dysmenorrhea (painful periods), pain during intercourse, and pain during bowel movements or urination. Patients may follow medical advice to use medications such as ibuprofen sustained-release capsules, indomethacin capsules, or medroxyprogesterone acetate tablets to alleviate symptoms.

5. Fallopian Tube Blockage

Blockage or damage to the fallopian tubes may result from infections, prior surgeries, or endometriosis. When the fallopian tubes are obstructed, eggs and sperm may be unable to meet, leading to infertility. Symptoms may also include lower abdominal pain and increased vaginal discharge. Patients are advised to seek hospital evaluation and, under professional medical guidance, consider laparoscopic surgery.

Maintain a balanced diet, ensure adequate rest, stay optimistic and positive, engage in appropriate physical activity, and strengthen immune function.