What are the causes of elevated L-lactate dehydrogenase levels?

Under normal circumstances, elevated levels of L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) may be caused by improper diet, muscle strain, pernicious anemia, hepatitis, or viral myocarditis. If discomfort occurs, timely medical consultation is recommended. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Improper Diet

Long-term unbalanced or unhealthy eating habits, such as deficiency in essential nutrients, may lead to metabolic abnormalities in the body, resulting in increased lactate production in the blood and consequently elevated L-lactate dehydrogenase levels. This condition typically does not present with other symptoms. It is recommended to improve dietary structure and ensure balanced nutrition.

2. Muscle Injury

Intense physical activity or trauma can damage muscle cells, causing L-lactate dehydrogenase to be released from injured muscle cells into the bloodstream, leading to elevated blood levels of this enzyme. This is often accompanied by symptoms such as muscle pain and swelling. Cold compresses may help promote blood circulation and relieve discomfort.

3. Pernicious Anemia

Pernicious anemia is usually caused by vitamin B12 deficiency, which impairs red blood cell production. Since L-lactate dehydrogenase is an enzyme found within red blood cells, its levels may rise accordingly. Symptoms may include fatigue, weakness, and pallor. It is recommended to take medications such as folic acid tablets, ferrous sulfate tablets, or Shengxuebao compound under a doctor’s guidance.

4. Hepatitis

Chronic irregular lifestyle may trigger hepatitis. Inflammation damages liver cells, causing intracellular L-lactate dehydrogenase to be released into the bloodstream, thus increasing its serum levels. Common symptoms include fatigue and pain in the liver area. Treatment with antiviral medications such as acyclovir tablets, famciclovir tablets, or penciclovir tablets should be conducted under medical supervision.

5. Viral Myocarditis

Viral invasion and replication in myocardial tissue may cause viral myocarditis, disrupting the integrity of cell membranes and releasing intracellular enzymes—including L-lactate dehydrogenase—into the bloodstream, thereby increasing serum LDH levels. Symptoms may include palpitations and shortness of breath. Treatment with oseltamivir phosphate capsules, antiviral oral solution, or acyclovir tablets should follow medical advice.

In daily diet, it is advisable to avoid spicy, raw, or cold foods to prevent bodily discomfort.