Do I need a vaccine if bitten by a rat?

Generally speaking, a rabies vaccine may be required after a rat bite. If any physical discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly and receive treatment under the guidance of a qualified physician. The detailed analysis is as follows:

Rats may carry various pathogens, such as *Yersinia pestis* (plague bacillus) and the spirochete causing rat-bite fever. Although the incidence of these infections is relatively low, once contracted, the consequences can be severe. Therefore, after a bite, if wound management is inadequate or other infection risks exist, vaccination for preventive purposes is advisable. Additionally, if there is a risk of rabies exposure from the bite, or if the wound is deep and involves significant skin damage, immediate administration of the rabies vaccine is necessary. The rabies virus can be transmitted through animal saliva, and once clinical symptoms develop, the disease is almost invariably fatal.

In daily life, if bitten by a rat, immediate local wound cleaning should be performed, followed by prompt medical evaluation. This allows a healthcare professional to assess the injury and determine whether further interventions—including vaccinations—are needed. Timely medical care can effectively prevent the onset of potential diseases.