What causes black hairs in the pores on the face, and what should be done about it?

Generally, black hairs in facial pores may be caused by improper cleansing, environmental pollution, endocrine disorders, perifollicular keratosis, or polycystic ovary syndrome. Treatments such as chemical peels, laser hair removal, photodepilation, or medication can be used under the guidance of a doctor. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Improper Cleansing

Failure to maintain proper facial hygiene in daily life may lead to clogged pores and the appearance of black hairs. It is important to use gentle facial cleansers and avoid overly oily skincare products. Under medical supervision, glycolic acid peels may also be used. This treatment involves applying high-concentration glycolic acid to promote exfoliation of the aged stratum corneum and accelerate skin metabolism, thereby improving skin texture. The typical reference cost for glycolic acid peels ranges from 500 to 1,500 yuan per session. Improvement is usually observed within 1–2 weeks after treatment, although side effects such as skin redness and swelling may occur.

2. Environmental Pollution

Long-term exposure to air pollution may cause pollutants to adhere to the skin and hair, leading to the growth of dark hairs in pores. Maintaining indoor ventilation and using air purifiers can help keep the air clean. Laser hair removal, performed under a doctor's advice, uses specific wavelengths of laser light to destroy hair follicle stem cells and remove unwanted hair. The typical cost ranges from 500 to 2,000 yuan per session. Noticeable improvement may appear within 1–2 days, but potential side effects include skin burns and pain.

3. Endocrine Disorders

Irregular sleep patterns, poor diet, and excessive stress may disrupt hormonal balance, leading to overproduction of sebum and the appearance of black hairs in enlarged pores. This condition is often accompanied by symptoms such as enlarged pores and pigmentation. Under medical guidance, medications such as Xiaoyao Pills, Wuji Bai Feng Pills, or Kuntai Capsules may be prescribed. Photodepilation (intense pulsed light therapy) may also be recommended by a physician. This method uses strong pulses of light to penetrate the skin and destroy hair follicles, inhibiting hair regrowth. The typical cost ranges from 300 to 1,500 yuan per session, with visible results usually within 1–2 days. However, possible side effects include hyperpigmentation and skin burns.

4. Perifollicular Keratosis

This condition may be related to genetic factors or vitamin deficiencies. Abnormal keratinization of hair follicles can lead to clogged pores and the formation of dark hairs. Symptoms often include rough skin and pigmentation. Treatment under medical supervision may include topical medications such as adapalene gel, salicylic acid ointment, or tretinoin cream.

5. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS is commonly caused by genetic factors, obesity, or misuse of medications. Elevated levels of androgens in patients may result in thick, coarse, dark hair growth in pores. Symptoms may include irregular menstruation, hirsutism, and infertility. Medications such as dydrogesterone tablets, progesterone capsules, or spironolactone tablets may be prescribed under medical supervision.

To prevent complications, it is important to maintain good skin hygiene and avoid plucking hairs or irritating hair follicles, which may lead to discomfort or skin damage.