What are the common antihypertensive drugs?
Nov 15, 2024
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Tian Hongbo
Introduction
In general, common antihypertensive medications mainly include diuretics, calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). The selection and use of these antihypertensive drugs should be determined based on the patient's specific condition and the doctor's recommendations. During antihypertensive therapy, patients should closely monitor their blood pressure fluctuations.
Generally, common antihypertensive medications mainly include diuretics, calcium channel blockers, β-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). If discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek timely medical attention and receive standardized treatment under the guidance of a physician. The details are as follows:
1. Diuretics
Diuretics primarily lower blood pressure by promoting urination and reducing blood volume within the vessels. Common diuretic medications include losartan potassium and hydrochlorothiazide tablets, furosemide injection, triamterene tablets, spironolactone tablets, etc.
2. Calcium Channel Blockers
Calcium channel blockers work by blocking calcium ion channels in vascular smooth muscle cells, thereby relaxing blood vessels and lowering blood pressure. Common calcium channel blockers include amlodipine besylate tablets, nifedipine tablets, felodipine sustained-release tablets, lacidipine dispersible tablets, etc.
3. β-Blockers
β-blockers reduce blood pressure by slowing heart rate, decreasing cardiac workload, and reducing blood flow velocity. Common β-blockers include bisoprolol fumarate, metoprolol tartrate sustained-release tablets, atenolol tablets, propranolol hydrochloride tablets, etc.
4. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors
ACE inhibitors lower blood pressure by inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme, thereby blocking the formation of renin and angiotensin II, and inhibiting bradykinin degradation. Common ACE inhibitors include compound captopril tablets, enalapril maleate tablets, benazepril hydrochloride tablets, lisinopril capsules, etc.
5. Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
ARBs exert their antihypertensive effects by blocking the angiotensin II type 1 receptors. Common ARBs include losartan potassium and hydrochlorothiazide tablets, valsartan tablets, irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide tablets, telmisartan capsules, etc.
The selection and use of these antihypertensive medications must be determined based on individual patient conditions and medical advice. During antihypertensive therapy, patients should closely monitor blood pressure fluctuations and adjust medication according to the physician's instructions.
