Why does a woman experience itching and have smelly vaginal discharge, and what should be done?

　　"Below the female" generally refers to the female vagina. Under normal circumstances, vaginal itching accompanied by abnormal vaginal discharge odor in females may be caused by factors such as poor personal hygiene, improper diet, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, and other conditions. Patients should follow medical advice for general treatment, medication, or surgical treatment according to their specific condition. Detailed explanations are as follows:

　　1. Poor personal hygiene: Poor personal hygiene habits, such as infrequent changing of underwear, use of unclean sanitary products, and improper cleaning after menstruation or sexual activity, may disrupt the balance of the vaginal microecosystem, leading to vaginal itching and abnormal vaginal discharge odor, possibly accompanied by mild vaginal discomfort, redness, and irritation of the vulva. It is recommended to improve personal hygiene habits, wash the vulva daily with warm water, and change into clean underwear regularly.

　　2. Improper diet: Long-term consumption of spicy, irritating, greasy, or sweet foods may affect hormone levels in the body or cause imbalance in the vaginal microecosystem, which can lead to vaginal itching and abnormal vaginal discharge odor, possibly accompanied by increased vaginal discharge, frequent urination, or painful urination. Patients are advised to adjust their diet structure, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, and reduce the intake of spicy, irritating, greasy, and sweet foods.

　　3. Vulvitis: Vulvitis is an inflammation of the vulvar skin or mucous membranes caused by pathogenic infections or various adverse stimuli. It can be triggered by poor vulvar hygiene, irritation from urine or feces, excessive sweating, or dampness in the vulvar area, leading to symptoms such as vaginal itching and abnormal vaginal discharge odor. Patients may also experience symptoms like redness, erosion, or ulcers of the vulvar skin. It is recommended that patients follow medical advice to use medications such as Huangsong Fushen Wash, Nifuratel tablets, or Nifuratel-Neomycin vaginal suppositories for treatment.

　　4. Vaginitis: Vaginitis is an inflammation of the vaginal mucosa and submucosal connective tissue, which may be caused by infections from pathogens such as bacteria, trichomonas, or Candida albicans. Patients typically experience vaginal itching and abnormal vaginal discharge odor, along with symptoms such as frequent urination, painful urination, and discomfort during sexual intercourse. It is recommended that patients use medications such as Clotrimazole vaginal tablets, Miconazole nitrate vaginal tablets, or Metronidazole vaginal tablets under the guidance of a physician.

　　5. Cervicitis: Cervicitis is an inflammation of the cervical vaginal portion and the cervical canal mucosa, which may be caused by pathogenic infections, chemical irritation, mechanical injury, and other factors. It typically presents with vaginal itching and abnormal vaginal discharge odor, and may also be accompanied by increased vaginal discharge. If the condition is severe, patients may consider undergoing physical therapy, such as laser therapy or cryotherapy, at a reputable hospital.

　　In daily life, maintaining good personal hygiene habits, adjusting dietary structure, and avoiding unhygienic sexual practices can help prevent gynecological diseases.