Why does a sore throat occur after receiving the flu vaccine, and what should be done?

Influenza vaccine usually refers to the vaccine against seasonal influenza. In general, sore throat after receiving an influenza vaccine may be caused by adverse reactions to the vaccine, individual differences, excessive use of the throat, environmental factors, or infections. If discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly. The specific causes are analyzed as follows:

1. Vaccine Adverse Reactions

Some individuals may experience adverse reactions in the throat area after receiving the influenza vaccine, such as pain, a sensation of a foreign body, or hoarseness. This may occur because the vaccine stimulates the mucous membranes of the oropharynx, leading to an inflammatory response.

2. Individual Differences

Due to variations in physical constitution, some people may develop throat inflammation after vaccination, which is usually related to their personal immune response.

3. Excessive Use of the Throat

After vaccination, frequently talking with others or shouting loudly for extended periods can easily lead to throat inflammation.

4. Environmental Factors

After vaccination, being in a high-temperature environment may trigger throat inflammation, causing varying degrees of congestion and swelling in the pharyngeal mucosa.

5. Infection

Sore throat may also be associated with viral or bacterial infections, such as the common cold or "heatiness" (a traditional concept referring to internal heat). These infections may occur independently of influenza vaccination but could become more noticeable afterward.

If symptoms are mild, observation alone may suffice, and special treatment is generally not required. However, if symptoms persist or worsen, prompt medical consultation is advised. Under a doctor's guidance, medications such as Lianhua Qingwen Capsules or Pudilan Xiaoyan Oral Liquid may be used. Additionally, adequate rest should be taken, overuse of the voice avoided, and saline gargling performed to help clean the mouth and reduce bacterial growth.