What is a Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex (TFCC) injury, and what should I do about it?

In general, triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injuries may be caused by congenital factors, frequent wrist use, sports-related trauma, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and other reasons. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under the guidance of a qualified physician. Specific analysis is as follows:

1. Congenital factors: A small number of individuals may have congenital abnormalities in the development of the triangular fibrocartilage complex, resulting in inherently weak structures. These individuals are more susceptible to injury even during normal daily activities or under minor external forces. In the early stages of injury, an ice pack or cold towel can be applied to the ulnar side of the wrist to reduce pain and swelling. After the acute phase, switch to heat therapy using a warm towel or hot water bottle on the same area to promote local blood circulation and facilitate recovery.

2. Frequent wrist use: Individuals engaged in occupations or activities requiring repetitive wrist movements—such as office workers who use a mouse for prolonged periods—are at risk. Continuous flexion, extension, and rotation of the wrist during mouse operation places constant stress on the TFCC, making it prone to gradual damage. It is important to rest adequately and avoid overuse.

3. Sports injuries: In certain sports such as tennis, golf, and basketball, sudden excessive twisting or pulling motions of the wrist may occur. For example, improper or excessive force during a tennis backhand stroke can lead to TFCC injury. It is advisable to choose suitable forms of exercise and pay attention to safety during physical activity.

4. Rheumatoid arthritis: This is an autoimmune disease that affects joints and surrounding tissues. When the wrist joint is involved, the inflammatory environment within the joint can disrupt the normal structure and function of the TFCC, increasing its susceptibility to injury. Treatment may include medications such as methotrexate tablets, leflunomide tablets, and ibuprofen sustained-release capsules, as prescribed by a physician.

5. Gout: Gout may result from genetic predisposition or improper diet, leading to elevated serum uric acid levels. Urate crystals can deposit in areas such as the wrist joint, where they irritate the joint and surrounding tissues, triggering inflammation. Under these inflammatory conditions, the integrity of the TFCC may be compromised, leading to injury. Ultrasound therapy administered by trained professionals at specialized facilities may help promote tissue repair and alleviate local symptoms.

Appropriate wrist joint exercises can enhance muscle strength and flexibility, thereby reducing the risk of TFCC injury. Low-intensity wrist stretching and rotational exercises are recommended.