How is congenital cataract in children treated?

Generally, congenital cataracts in children can be managed through daily care, lens correction, medication, surgical treatment, and psychological therapy. Details are as follows:

1. Daily Care: Maintain good eye hygiene, avoid prolonged use of electronic devices, ensure adequate sleep, and follow a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals to promote eye health.

2. Lens Correction: If the child has refractive errors such as myopia, hyperopia, or astigmatism, these can be corrected with eyeglasses or contact lenses to improve vision.

3. Medication: Although medication cannot cure congenital cataracts, it can help slow the progression of the condition. Under a doctor's guidance, parents may administer eye drops such as pirenoxine sodium eye drops, phacolysin eye drops, or compound tropicamide eye drops to delay the development of cataracts.

4. Surgical Treatment: For children with severe symptoms that significantly impair vision, surgery is the preferred treatment option. Under medical guidance, parents may choose intraocular cataract extraction, phacoemulsification with aspiration, or intraocular lens implantation as the surgical approach.

5. Psychological Therapy: Congenital cataracts may lead to emotional issues such as low self-esteem or anxiety in children. Parents should communicate openly with their child, encourage a positive attitude toward the condition, and seek help from a psychologist when necessary.

In daily life, children should avoid strenuous activities that could increase intraocular pressure and compromise surgical outcomes. When outdoors, they should wear protective sunglasses to shield their eyes from sunlight. Maintaining ocular cleanliness is also essential to reduce the risk of infection.