What are the six major categories of mental disorders?

Generally, mental disorders include schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, mental retardation with associated mental disorders, organic mental disorders, persistent delusional disorders, and others. A detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Schizophrenia: This is a severe mental illness primarily characterized by disorganized thinking, hallucinations, and delusions, significantly impacting the patient's ability to live and work. Treatment mainly relies on medication and psychotherapy. Schizophrenia is considered a severe condition in psychiatry, easily leading to mental disability, affecting social functioning, and prone to recurrence.

2. Bipolar Affective Disorder: This category includes depression and manic-depressive illness. The main symptoms involve abnormal emotional fluctuations such as persistent sadness, hopelessness, anxiety, and episodes of elevated mood. Treatment typically involves medications and psychotherapy.

3. Mental Retardation with Associated Mental Disorders: This refers to significantly below-average intellectual development, which leads to difficulties in learning and social adaptation. Treatment mainly depends on special education and rehabilitation training.

4. Organic Mental Disorders: These are primarily conditions affecting the elderly, caused by organic factors such as cerebrovascular disease or brain injury, leading to symptoms like memory loss and decreased thinking ability, which greatly impact the patient's daily living abilities. Treatment mainly involves medication and rehabilitation therapy.

5. Persistent Delusional Disorder: This is a mental illness primarily characterized by persistent delusions, which also significantly impair the patient's ability to live and work.

If you experience related symptoms or have concerns, please seek timely medical consultation and follow medical advice for further examination and treatment.