What are the risks and side effects of painless abortion?

Generally, as a common gynecological procedure, painless abortion carries certain risks and side effects, including anesthesia-related accidents, surgical complications, infection, menstrual disorders, and secondary infertility. A detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Anesthesia-related accidents

Painless abortion requires general anesthesia, during which patients may experience complications such as allergic shock, respiratory arrest, or cardiac arrest. Although uncommon, these events can have serious consequences if they occur.

2. Surgical complications

These often result from improper surgical techniques or insufficient operator experience. The risk of uterine perforation may be increased if the procedure is performed during lactation when the uterine wall is softer. Uterine perforation can damage the uterine wall and may cause severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and vaginal bleeding, requiring emergency treatment to prevent further injury. If the procedure is incomplete and small amounts of fetal or placental tissue remain in the uterine cavity, it may interfere with uterine contraction and lead to prolonged bleeding. Significant tissue retention requires a dilation and curettage (D&C) procedure.

3. Infection

After painless abortion, bacterial infection may occur if anti-inflammatory treatment is neglected or the body's immunity is reduced, leading to endometritis, salpingitis, or other inflammatory conditions. These infections may not only affect general health but also impair future fertility.

4. Menstrual disorders

Painless abortion may affect the endocrine system, causing hormonal changes that lead to menstrual irregularities, such as prolonged menstruation or irregular cycles. Long-term disturbances may impact fertility.

5. Secondary infertility

If the endometrium is severely damaged or adhesions develop following painless abortion, it may interfere with implantation and development of the fertilized egg, leading to infertility. Additionally, multiple painless abortions may increase the risk of habitual miscarriage.

When undergoing painless abortion, it is essential to choose a qualified and正规 medical facility to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the procedure. Postoperative care should include adequate rest, nutritional support, and avoidance of physical labor and strenuous exercise. Attention should also be given to perineal hygiene and vaginal bleeding. Any abnormalities should be promptly evaluated by a healthcare professional.