What is ulnar nerve entrapment, and what should I do about it?

Generally, ulnar nerve entrapment, also known as cubital tunnel syndrome, is a chronic injury of the ulnar nerve within the ulnar groove at the elbow. It may be caused by occupational factors, trauma, muscle swelling, arthritis, ulnar neuritis, and other factors. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention, identify the underlying cause, and then undergo symptomatic treatment under a physician's guidance. A detailed explanation is as follows:

1. Occupational factors: Individuals who repeatedly perform elbow flexion and wrist extension movements over a prolonged period, such as carpenters and pianists, are prone to repeated friction and traction of the ulnar nerve at specific sites, which can lead to nerve compression. It is recommended to increase rest frequency during work and avoid prolonged continuous performance of actions that may trigger ulnar nerve entrapment. Performing simple stretching and rotational exercises can help relieve nerve and muscle fatigue.

2. Trauma: Injuries such as fractures or dislocations in the elbow or wrist areas may result in the formation of scar tissue during the healing process, which can compress the ulnar nerve. It is advised to immediately stop movement of the injured area to avoid further damage to the ulnar nerve. If necessary, follow medical advice to appropriately immobilize the injured elbow or wrist using splints or braces.

3. Muscle swelling: Excessive exertion or swelling of the forearm muscles, such as from repetitive movements, muscle injury, or muscle inflammation, may also exert pressure on the ulnar nerve, causing ulnar nerve entrapment. During the initial stage of muscle swelling, apply an ice pack or cold towel to the swollen muscle area. Cold compresses can cause local vasoconstriction, reduce bleeding and exudation, and help alleviate swelling-induced pressure on the ulnar nerve. When the swelling begins to subside, switch to warm compresses to promote blood circulation and accelerate the resolution of swelling.

4. Arthritis: When the joint area has reduced resistance, bacteria or viruses may invade and cause infection, leading to joint inflammation and possibly resulting in surrounding tissue swelling that increases pressure on the ulnar nerve. Massage or acupuncture therapy performed by professionals can stimulate local acupoints, promote blood circulation, and relieve discomfort caused by nerve compression. However, appropriate techniques must be used to avoid worsening the injury due to improper manipulation.

5. Ulnar neuritis: Ulnar nerve entrapment can be caused by ulnar nerve subluxation, spontaneous ulnar nerve paralysis, or elbow joint injuries due to improper activity, resulting in ulnar nerve compression. Patients may experience sensory disturbances in the ulnar side of the dorsum of the hand, the ulnar side of the palm's thenar eminence, the little finger, and the ring finger. Under a physician's guidance, medications such as ibuprofen sustained-release capsules, diclofenac sodium sustained-release tablets, and vitamin B12 injections may be used for treatment.

In daily life, it is important to keep the affected area warm. In cold weather, wearing gloves, elbow sleeves, wrist guards, or other warming products can help. Cold temperatures may cause local vasoconstriction and poor circulation, thereby exacerbating ulnar nerve compression and associated discomfort.