Leg Cramps: Be Alert for These Four Conditions

Generally, leg cramps may be caused by overexertion, cold stimulation, hypocalcemia, lumbar disc herniation, or diabetic peripheral neuropathy. If necessary, it is recommended to seek timely medical advice and receive treatment under a doctor's guidance. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Overexertion

When walking, running, or exercising for prolonged periods, the foot muscles may become overused, leading to the accumulation of metabolic waste and prolonged muscle tension, which can easily trigger cramps after continuous contraction. Immediately stop the ongoing activity, sit or lie down, extend the cramped leg, stretch the muscles, and relieve the cramping.

2. Cold Stimulation

In cold environments, blood vessels in the feet constrict, blood circulation deteriorates, and muscle excitability changes, making cramps more likely. For example, during sleep in winter, if the feet are not properly covered and are exposed to cold air, low temperatures can increase muscle irritability, causing sudden cramps. It is important to pay attention to weather changes and keep the feet warm to prevent foot cramps.

3. Hypocalcemia

When blood calcium ion concentration is too low, muscle excitability increases, making spasms more likely and resulting in foot cramps. Usually, elderly individuals experience reduced calcium absorption, and postmenopausal women experience estrogen reduction that affects calcium metabolism. These groups may frequently experience muscle cramps in the feet or other areas. Increase intake of calcium-rich foods, such as milk, tofu, and shrimp, as appropriate.

4. Lumbar Disc Herniation

Disc degeneration and accumulated strain may lead to lumbar disc herniation, compressing nerve roots and causing muscle dysfunction in the lower limbs, thereby causing foot cramps. It is often accompanied by symptoms such as numbness, pain in the lower limbs, and discomfort in the waist. Under a doctor's guidance, medications such as Gentongping Granules, Yaotongning Capsules, and Duhuo Jisheng Pills can be used for treatment.

5. Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Poor long-term blood glucose control in diabetic patients can damage peripheral nerves, causing the foot muscles to lose normal nerve control, making cramps more likely. Symptoms such as numbness and tingling in the extremities may also occur. Follow medical advice to use medications such as Acarbose Capsules, Glimepiride Tablets, and Gliquidone Tablets to control blood sugar levels and delay the progression of complications.

In daily diets, increasing intake of calcium-rich foods such as milk, soy products, and leafy green vegetables can help enhance immunity.