What does a low eosinophil count indicate?

Generally, a low eosinophil count indicates that the number of eosinophils is below the normal level during a routine blood test. This may be caused by physiological fluctuations, long-term use of glucocorticoids, surgical trauma, typhoid infection, Cushing's syndrome, and other factors. If necessary, timely medical consultation is recommended, and treatment should be conducted under a doctor's guidance. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Physiological Fluctuations

The number of eosinophils naturally fluctuates. For example, eosinophil counts are relatively low in the morning and slightly increase in the afternoon. Additionally, intense exercise or a state of stress can lead to temporary changes in endocrine regulation, which may cause a transient decrease in eosinophils. This is considered a normal physiological change, and the eosinophil count typically returns to normal once the body's condition stabilizes.

2. Long-Term Use of Glucocorticoids

Glucocorticoid medications have immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects. Prolonged use may affect the production of eosinophils in the bone marrow and their distribution in peripheral blood, leading to a reduction in eosinophil numbers. Under a doctor's guidance, medication can be adjusted according to the patient's condition. As treatment changes and the condition improves, the eosinophil count may gradually recover. Regular follow-up blood tests are recommended to monitor eosinophil levels.

3. Surgical Trauma

Following surgical trauma, the body is in a state of stress and repair. The body prioritizes resources to ensure the recovery of vital organ functions and wound healing, leading to corresponding adjustments in the immune system. During this time, the production and release of eosinophils may be suppressed, resulting in a reduced count. It is recommended to follow healthcare professionals' guidance for postoperative or post-trauma recovery, ensuring adequate nutrition and appropriate rest to promote rapid recovery.

4. Typhoid Infection

Typhoid fever is an acute intestinal infectious disease caused by Salmonella typhi. During the illness, the immune system is activated and undergoes overall adjustment. To combat the infection, the body suppresses eosinophil production, leading to a decrease in their numbers. This is often accompanied by typical symptoms of typhoid such as persistent fever, relative bradycardia, and general fatigue. Patients may follow medical advice to use medications such as Xiao Chai Hu Granules or Gui Fu Di Huang Pills for treatment.

5. Cushing's Syndrome

Cushing's syndrome is primarily caused by the long-term overproduction of glucocorticoids by the adrenal cortex, which suppresses eosinophil production and reduces their numbers in peripheral blood. Patients often exhibit physical and symptomatic changes such as moon face, buffalo hump, central obesity, and purple skin striae. Under medical guidance, patients may use medications such as Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets or Nifedipine Sustained-Release Tablets for treatment.

Spicy and irritating foods, such as chili peppers, Sichuan peppercorns, and mustard, should be avoided in daily diet to prevent interference with recovery.