What causes dark spots around the mouth, and how can they be treated?
Nov 29, 2024
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Liu Wenmin
Introduction
Perioral pigmentation is primarily caused by ultraviolet radiation, aging, endocrine disorders, melasma, contact dermatitis, and other factors. Prolonged sun exposure, especially without proper sun protection, can damage skin cells and stimulate melanocyte proliferation, leading to pigmented spots around the mouth. It is important to enhance sun protection by applying sunscreen, wearing a sun hat, or using a mask when outdoors.
Generally, pigmentation around the mouth is mainly caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation, aging, endocrine disorders, melasma, and contact dermatitis. If discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek timely medical consultation and follow the doctor's guidance for general treatments, medications, and other interventions. A detailed explanation is as follows:
1. UV Radiation
Prolonged exposure to sunlight, especially without sun protection, allows UV rays to damage skin cells, stimulate melanocyte proliferation, and cause pigmentation around the mouth. It is recommended to strengthen sun protection measures, apply sunscreen when outdoors, and wear sun hats or masks.
2. Aging
With increasing age, the skin's repair capacity and metabolic rate decline, making it difficult to eliminate melanin deposits, which can lead to pigmentation. It is recommended to use skincare products containing antioxidants such as vitamin E and vitamin C to help combat free radical damage and promote skin repair.
3. Endocrine Disorders
Hormonal imbalances, particularly fluctuations in estrogen levels, can affect melanocyte activity, promoting melanin synthesis and deposition. Symptoms may include menstrual irregularities, mood swings, and abnormal skin oil secretion. Patients should follow medical advice to use medications such as Xiaoyao Pills, Wuzi Bai Feng Pills, and tanshinone injections for treatment.
4. Melasma
Melasma is associated with fluctuations in estrogen levels, sun exposure, genetic factors, and other influences that cause overactivity of melanocytes, leading to pigmentation. The skin may also become sensitive and prone to irritation. It is recommended to follow medical advice to use medications such as vitamin C tablets, levothyroxine sodium tablets, and progesterone soft capsules for treatment.
5. Contact Dermatitis
Contact dermatitis is a result of allergic reactions to certain substances. Allergens stimulate the skin, triggering inflammatory responses that lead to pigmentation around the mouth, often accompanied by symptoms such as redness, itching, and a burning sensation. Patients can use medications such as loratadine tablets, chlorpheniramine and prednisolone tablets under the guidance of a qualified physician.
In daily life, it is recommended to maintain a healthy lifestyle, apply sunscreen regularly, avoid excessive friction around the mouth, and consume more foods rich in vitamins to help improve overall skin condition.
