What is atrial arrhythmia and what should be done?

Generally, atrial arrhythmia may be caused by emotional factors and stress, alcohol consumption and smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiomyopathy, or coronary artery atherosclerotic heart disease. If any discomfort symptoms occur, timely medical consultation is recommended. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Emotional Factors and Stress

When the body is in a state of extreme tension, anxiety, or excitement, sympathetic nerve activity may become heightened, which could affect the heart's normal rhythm, leading to atrial arrhythmia. It is recommended to relieve stress and emotional strain through appropriate physical activities, such as jogging or cycling.

2. Alcohol Consumption and Smoking

Components in alcohol can alter the excitability of myocardial cells, while chemicals in tobacco can stimulate sympathetic nerve activity, possibly increasing the automaticity of atrial myocardial cells, thus causing atrial arrhythmia. It is recommended to quit smoking and drinking during illness, and to control the frequency of smoking and alcohol consumption in daily life.

3. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is caused by excessive air content in the lungs. Patients with long-term hypoxia and carbon dioxide retention may develop pulmonary hypertension, which can stretch and stimulate the atrial myocardial cells, triggering the aforementioned symptoms. Treatment may include medications such as levosalbutamol hydrochloride nebulizing solution, terbutaline sulfate nebulizing solution, salmeterol xinafoate aerosol, etc., as directed by a physician.

4. Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy is usually caused by abnormal immune function, viral infections, etc. For example, dilated cardiomyopathy or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The occurrence of these diseases can alter the structure and function of the myocardium, thereby affecting the conduction and automaticity of myocardial cells. At this time, atrial myocardial cells are prone to generate abnormal electrical activity, thus causing atrial arrhythmia. Treatment may include medications such as amiodarone hydrochloride tablets, spironolactone tablets, propafenone hydrochloride tablets, etc., as directed by a physician.

5. Coronary Artery Atherosclerotic Heart Disease

Coronary artery atherosclerotic heart disease is caused by narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries. Its main symptoms include myocardial ischemia and hypoxia. When the blood supply to the atrial myocardial cells is insufficient, the electrophysiological properties of the myocardial cells will change, making it easier to develop ectopic pacemaker sites, which can trigger the aforementioned symptoms. Treatment may include medications such as aspirin tablets, atorvastatin calcium tablets, isosorbide mononitrate capsules, etc., under a doctor's guidance.

In daily life, there are many and complex causes of atrial arrhythmia. If patients experience the aforementioned symptoms, it is recommended to visit a hospital for thorough examination to clarify the cause as early as possible, facilitating timely treatment.