How to determine if there is intracranial hemorrhage after falling and hitting the head

Generally, when someone sustains a head injury, the following methods can be used to determine whether intracranial hemorrhage has occurred: symptom observation, neurological examination, cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), coagulation function tests, and cranial computed tomography (CT) scans. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention, identify the cause, and follow medical advice for treatment. The specific details are as follows:

1. Symptom observation: Symptoms of intracranial hemorrhage may include headache, vomiting, altered consciousness, and seizures. These symptoms may appear suddenly or gradually worsen. However, symptoms may vary among individuals, and the severity of symptoms is related to the amount of bleeding, the location of the hemorrhage, and individual differences.

2. Neurological examination: This involves assessing the patient's level of consciousness, motor function, and sensory function. Signs such as abnormal pupils or neck stiffness may indicate the presence of intracranial hemorrhage.

3. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Cranial MRI is highly sensitive for diagnosing intracranial hemorrhage, although it takes longer to perform. MRI may reveal a high signal intensity in T2-weighted images and low signal intensity in T1-weighted images at the site of bleeding, suggesting intracranial hemorrhage.

4. Coagulation function tests: Blood tests are performed to evaluate clotting factors and thrombin levels in the blood, helping determine whether the patient has a coagulation disorder. Coagulation disorders can lead to intracranial hemorrhage, making coagulation function tests an important tool in assessing the possibility of intracranial bleeding.

5. Cranial computed tomography (CT) scan: Cranial CT scan is the preferred method for diagnosing intracranial hemorrhage. CT scanning can clearly show whether there is bleeding within the skull, the location of the hemorrhage, the amount of bleeding, and its impact on surrounding brain tissue. Cranial CT scanning offers advantages such as speed, accuracy, and non-invasiveness.

Prior to seeking medical care, patients should remain quiet and rest, avoiding head movement or strenuous activity to prevent worsening of bleeding or injury. Even if symptoms are mild, close observation for at least 24 hours is necessary, as some symptoms of intracranial hemorrhage may appear with a delay.