What is the best treatment for nerve compression caused by lumbar spinal stenosis?

Generally, due to the thickening or hypertrophy of the posterior longitudinal ligament or ligamentum flavum, or herniation or protrusion of intervertebral discs, the volume of the lumbar spinal canal becomes smaller, thus compressing nerves. Treatments may include general care, medication, physical therapy, surgical intervention, and rehabilitation training to promote recovery. If there are any concerns, it is advisable to seek medical consultation in advance. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. General Care: During an acute episode, bed rest is recommended while avoiding strenuous activities that may worsen symptoms. Attention should be paid to posture adjustments: avoid prolonged sitting or maintaining poor posture; try to keep the lower back straight. A firm mattress is preferred; when lying on your back, place a pillow beneath the knees, and when lying on your side, place a pillow between the legs to maintain the natural curvature of the lower back and legs.

2. Medication: Pain-relieving medications such as ibuprofen sustained-release capsules or diclofenac sodium tablets may be taken as directed by a physician to alleviate pain symptoms. Medications such as mecobalamin tablets, trazodone hydrochloride tablets, and vitamin B1 tablets can aid in nerve function recovery. Gains tablets like Gujin Pill capsules or Xianling Gu Bao capsules may improve local blood circulation and relieve swelling and pain.

3. Physical Therapy: Includes heat application, massage, and acupuncture. Applying a warm towel or hot water bottle for heat therapy, 15–20 minutes per session, 3–4 times daily, can help improve blood circulation and relieve muscle tension. Professional massage techniques can relax muscles and reduce nerve compression. Acupuncture at specific acupoints under the guidance of a physician can regulate meridian energy flow and alleviate symptoms such as pain and numbness.

4. Surgical Treatment: Procedures such as laminectomy can be performed to surgically enlarge the spinal canal and relieve nerve compression. For patients with lumbar spinal stenosis accompanied by spinal instability, spinal fusion surgery may be considered to enhance spinal stability.

5. Rehabilitation Training: Lumbar muscle exercises such as "flying swallow" and "five-point support" can strengthen spinal stability and reduce the burden on the lumbar spine. Regular lumbar stretching exercises are also recommended, such as standing or sitting with hands on the waist, gently leaning backward to stretch the lower back muscles, followed by side bending and twisting movements, which can help alleviate low back pain and difficulty walking.

Patients should maintain healthy lifestyle habits and follow a balanced, nutritious diet to optimize their physical condition, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of treatment for the disease.