What are the effects and functions of Strychnos nux-vomica (Qian Jin Zi)?

Seeds of the plant genus Leptochloa, which belongs to the Poaceae family, are biennial herbs that typically have analgesic effects, diuretic and anti-edematous properties, blood-activating and mass-dissolving functions, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory actions, as well as detoxifying and insecticidal effects. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Analgesic Effect: Components such as daphnin in Leptochloa seeds have analgesic properties that can relieve various pain symptoms, such as headaches and joint pain. However, excessive use may cause toxic reactions; therefore, dosage must be strictly controlled.

2. Diuretic and Anti-edematous Effect: Leptochloa seeds have certain diuretic properties that help eliminate excess fluid from the body and reduce edema. For patients suffering from edema or phlegm accumulation, appropriate administration of Leptochloa seeds can achieve effective therapeutic results.

3. Blood-Activating and Mass-Dissolving Effect: Leptochloa seeds can promote blood circulation and resolve blood stasis and abdominal masses, showing certain therapeutic effects on conditions such as amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea in women. Additionally, it improves circulation and alleviates pain by enhancing microcirculation.

4. Antibacterial and Anti-inflammatory Effect: Leptochloa seeds contain components such as daphnin, which inhibit various bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, making them useful for treating infections caused by these bacteria. They also suppress inflammatory responses, reducing inflammation-induced pain and swelling.

5. Detoxifying and Insecticidal Effect: Leptochloa seeds possess detoxifying and insecticidal properties and can be used to treat conditions such as scabies and snake bites. They work by counteracting toxins and eliminating parasites within the body, thus restoring health.

However, due to the potent medicinal properties of Leptochloa seeds, dosage must be strictly controlled, and usage should be conducted under the guidance of a physician. Pregnant women, nursing mothers, and elderly or frail individuals should use them cautiously only under medical supervision.