What diseases can be detected by the five-item coagulation test?

Generally, the five-item coagulation panel includes prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen, thrombin time (TT), and D-dimer. Testing of these five coagulation parameters may help detect diseases such as thrombocytopenic purpura, pulmonary embolism, hemophilia, acute myocardial infarction, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. If discomfort symptoms occur, timely medical consultation is recommended. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Thrombocytopenic purpura is a bleeding disorder caused by a reduction in platelet count. Patients may experience symptoms such as skin purpura, gingival bleeding, and epistaxis. In the five-item coagulation test, activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time may be mildly prolonged due to platelet reduction.

2. Pulmonary Embolism

Pulmonary embolism is a condition caused by the obstruction of pulmonary arterial blood flow due to thrombi or other substances entering the pulmonary artery. Patients may experience symptoms such as dyspnea, chest pain, and hemoptysis. In cases of pulmonary embolism, the five-item coagulation test may show elevated D-dimer levels.

3. Hemophilia

Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder caused by inherited deficiencies of coagulation factors. Patients may experience persistent bleeding after minor injuries, along with symptoms such as hematoma and joint cavity bleeding. In the five-item coagulation test, patients with hemophilia may exhibit prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time.

4. Acute Myocardial Infarction

Acute myocardial infarction is the necrosis of myocardial tissue caused by acute and persistent ischemia and hypoxia of the coronary arteries. Patients may experience severe chest pain, dyspnea, and other symptoms. In the five-item coagulation test, patients may show elevated fibrinogen and D-dimer levels, along with mildly prolonged prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time.

5. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a secondary coagulation disorder. Patients may present with symptoms such as bleeding, shock, and organ dysfunction. In the five-item coagulation test, patients may exhibit prolonged prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time, reduced fibrinogen levels, and elevated D-dimer levels.

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