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What are the symptoms of influenza A?

Feb 07, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Ren Yi
Introduction
Under normal circumstances, symptoms of influenza A include fever, cough, nasal congestion and runny nose, muscle pain, nausea, and vomiting. The influenza A virus replicates within the body, stimulating the immune response and releasing pyrogens, which act on the body's temperature-regulating center, causing the body temperature to rise above 39°C and remain elevated for several days, accompanied by symptoms such as chills and shivering.

Generally, symptoms of influenza A include fever, cough, nasal congestion and discharge, muscle pain, nausea, and vomiting. A detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Fever

Influenza A virus replicates within the body and stimulates the immune system to produce pyrogens, which act on the body's temperature-regulating center, causing the body temperature to rise above 39°C for several days, often accompanied by chills and shivering.

2. Cough

The influenza A virus reproduces within the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract, triggering an inflammatory response that stimulates the mucous membranes, leading to secretion and initiating a cough reflex. This may also be accompanied by sore throat or discomfort. In severe cases, it can affect eating and speaking.

3. Nasal Congestion and Discharge

The influenza A virus may adhere to the nasal mucosa and subsequently invade mucosal cells, causing congestion and edema of the nasal mucosa, resulting in localized inflammation and nasal discharge. This can lead to difficulty breathing, particularly noticeable during nighttime sleep.

4. Muscle Pain

Influenza A virus infection leads to the accumulation of metabolic byproducts such as lactic acid in the body. Additionally, the inflammatory response caused by the virus stimulates nerve endings, resulting in pain in muscles or joints throughout the body. This is often accompanied by muscle stiffness and a feeling of weakness, affecting daily activities.

5. Nausea and Vomiting

The influenza A virus may invade the gastrointestinal mucosa, leading to gastrointestinal dysfunction. This can cause some patients to experience nausea, vomiting, and other gastrointestinal symptoms, resulting in loss of appetite and further affecting nutrient intake and recovery.

However, it should be noted that symptoms of influenza A may vary from person to person and may differ in severity. If symptoms of influenza A occur, prompt medical attention should be sought, and treatment should be conducted in accordance with medical advice.

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