Is anal fistula surgery considered a major surgery?

Generally speaking, whether anal fistula surgery is considered a major procedure depends on the type and complexity of the fistula. If it is a low simple anal fistula, it is usually not considered a major surgery. However, if it is a high complex anal fistula, it may be considered a major procedure. Detailed explanations are as follows:

Anal fistula surgery is primarily used to treat anal fistulas, a common anorectal condition. The surgical procedure typically involves opening up the fistula tract and removing the surrounding scar tissue to restore the normal structure and function of the anus. In cases of low simple anal fistulas, the fistula tract is located in a lower position and does not involve complex anal sphincter muscles. The relationship with surrounding tissues is relatively straightforward, making the surgical procedure relatively easy, with a shorter operation time, minimal impact on anal function, and quicker postoperative recovery. Under such circumstances, anal fistula surgery is not considered a major procedure.

Conversely, for high complex anal fistulas, the fistula tract is located at a higher level, extending deep into the anal sphincter muscles and possibly involving complex anatomical relationships with adjacent organs such as the rectum or bladder, or presenting multiple branches and a complicated course. This increases the difficulty of surgery, prolongs the operation time, may involve more bleeding, and results in a slower postoperative recovery. In such cases, anal fistula surgery can be considered a major procedure.

In daily life, it is important to regularly clean the anal area to prevent bacterial growth and infection. After defecation, wash the anal area with warm water and keep the area dry.