What should I do if my baby often spits up milk?

Generally, a baby's tendency to spit up milk may be caused by factors such as the anatomical characteristics of the stomach, eating too quickly, food allergies or intolerance, gastrointestinal infections, or respiratory infections. Treatment or relief can be achieved through general measures, surgical intervention, or oral medications depending on the specific situation. It is recommended to seek timely medical consultation to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate symptomatic treatment under a doctor's guidance. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Stomach anatomical characteristics: A newborn's stomach is horizontally positioned, has a small capacity, with a relaxed cardiac sphincter and a relatively well-developed pyloric sphincter. These physiological characteristics make babies prone to spitting up milk. Symptoms can be relieved by burping or holding the baby upright after feeding.

2. Eating too quickly: If a baby feeds too rapidly, excessive air may be swallowed, causing stomach distension. It is recommended to control the baby's feeding speed to ensure adequate sucking and swallowing, thus preventing excessive air intake into the stomach.

3. Food allergy or intolerance: Babies may experience digestive reactions due to allergies or intolerance to certain food components, leading to spitting up milk, which may be accompanied by symptoms such as rash or diarrhea. Under a doctor's guidance, adjustments to the baby's diet, including the use of special formula milk or alternative foods, may be necessary.

4. Gastrointestinal infection: This may be related to improper diet, lactase deficiency, or bacterial or viral infections causing gastrointestinal inflammation, leading to indigestion and vomiting, which may be accompanied by symptoms such as diarrhea, fever, and reduced appetite. Under medical advice, infants may be treated with medications such as amoxicillin granules, ribavirin granules, pancreatin enteric-coated capsules, etc.

5. Respiratory infection: This may be associated with pathogen invasion, leading to increased respiratory secretions that affect the baby's breathing and swallowing function, thus causing milk regurgitation, which may also be accompanied by coughing and fever. Infants may receive treatment with medications such as cefaclor granules, amoxicillin granules, or pediatric paracetamol-chlorpheniramine maleate granules as directed by a physician.

In daily life, parents should closely observe the baby's symptoms and signs to promptly detect and manage any abnormalities.