What are the side effects and risks of hyaluronic acid injections?

Generally, hyaluronic acid and other nutrients are delivered directly into the dermis using microneedles in a procedure known as a hydration injection. This replenishes moisture and nutrients to the skin, achieving hydration effects and improving skin texture. The usual reference price for a hydration injection ranges from 1000 to 5000 yuan per session, and visible improvements are typically observed within 1-2 weeks. Side effects and risks of hydration injections include skin redness and swelling, discomfort or pain, dry skin, hyperpigmentation, and localized bruising. A detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Skin Redness and Swelling

Following the injection, micro-wounds are left on the skin surface, triggering a stress response by the body. This may manifest as localized redness and swelling, which is usually more noticeable within the first 1-2 days after injection and gradually subsides thereafter.

2. Pain or Discomfort

The injection process can stimulate the skin's nerve endings, causing varying degrees of pain in most individuals. The intensity of pain varies from person to person, and those particularly sensitive to pain may experience a stronger sensation. Additionally, mild stinging or discomfort may be felt shortly after the injection.

3. Dry Skin

After a hydration injection, the skin requires time to absorb and utilize the injected nutrients. During this period, temporary dryness may occur. This is because some surface moisture may be lost during the injection, and a new moisture metabolism balance has not yet been established, typically presenting as tightness or flaking of the skin.

4. Hyperpigmentation

If proper post-treatment skin care is not performed after the injection—such as inadequate sun protection—UV exposure may activate melanocytes in the skin, leading to localized hyperpigmentation. This may manifest as black or brown spots or patches on the skin.

5. Localized Bruising

If small blood vessels beneath the skin are accidentally punctured during the injection, blood may leak into surrounding tissues, resulting in bruising. This appears as purplish patches on the skin and generally takes several days to about a week to fade gradually.

It is essential to choose a reputable medical facility and an experienced, qualified physician for hydration injections. Prior to the injection, thorough communication with the physician is necessary, including disclosure of any personal allergy history or medical conditions, to allow proper assessment of suitability for hydration injection therapy.