What are the characteristics of hypothyroidism?

Generally, the characteristics of hypothyroidism include weight gain, easy fatigue, memory impairment, bradycardia, decreased appetite, and constipation. If necessary, timely medical attention is recommended. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Weight Gain

Due to decreased thyroid hormone levels, the body's basal metabolic rate decreases, leading to reduced calorie consumption. Accumulation of nutrients in the body may result in weight gain.

2. Easy Fatigue

Thyroid hormones play an important role in maintaining the body's energy levels. When thyroid hormone levels decline, the body's energy supply becomes insufficient, causing patients to feel weak and easily fatigued.

3. Memory Impairment

Hypothyroidism can affect the nervous system, resulting in memory loss, slowed reaction times, and in severe cases, intellectual decline, dementia, or excessive sleepiness.

4. Bradycardia

When thyroid hormone levels decrease, cardiovascular function weakens, leading to symptoms such as bradycardia, reduced cardiac output, and low blood pressure. Severe cases may also present with pericardial effusion.

5. Decreased Appetite and Constipation

Reduced thyroid hormone levels slow gastrointestinal motility and impair digestion. Patients often experience loss of appetite, bloating, and constipation.

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle—including balanced nutrition, moderate exercise, and adequate rest—can have a positive impact on alleviating symptoms of hypothyroidism.