What causes pain in the lower left abdomen in women?

　　"Lower abdominal area" refers to the lower abdomen. Generally, left lower abdominal pain in women may be caused by不良生活习惯 (unhealthy lifestyle habits), 饮食不当 (improper diet), 左侧附件炎 (left adnexitis), 子宫内膜异位症 (endometriosis), 异位妊娠 (ectopic pregnancy), and other reasons. Symptomatic management through general treatment, pharmacological treatment, surgical treatment, etc., may be needed. If symptoms are severe, timely medical consultation and examination are recommended for targeted treatment. Detailed analysis is as follows:

　　1. Unhealthy Lifestyle Habits

　　Long-term late-night stays and irregular eating habits may lead to a decline in the body's immunity, which can cause pain in the left abdomen and may be accompanied by symptoms such as精神不振 (lack of energy) and 易疲劳 (easy fatigue). It is recommended to improve lifestyle habits, maintain regular work and rest hours, eat meals on time, and avoid staying up late and overexertion.

　　2. Improper Diet

　　Long-term consumption of 辛辣 (spicy) or 生冷 (raw and cold) foods may irritate the stomach, causing inflammatory reactions or gastric spasms, thus leading to abdominal pain, which may be accompanied by symptoms such as 恶心 (nausea), 呕吐 (vomiting), and 腹泻 (diarrhea). It is recommended to adjust the diet structure, avoid eating spicy and raw cold foods, maintain a bland diet, and moderately consume fresh vegetables and fruits.

　　3. Left Adnexitis

　　Left adnexitis involves inflammation of the left fallopian tube and ovary, usually caused by bacterial infection invading the reproductive organs, which may lead to local tissue adhesion, congestion, and swelling, thus causing pain. It may also be accompanied by symptoms such as 发热 (fever), 白带增多 (increased vaginal discharge), and 腰骶酸痛 (low back pain). It is recommended to use medications such as Cefuroxime Axetil Tablets, Metronidazole Tablets, and Levofloxacin Tablets under the guidance of a physician.

　　4. Endometriosis

　　Endometriosis refers to the presence of endometrial tissue forming lesions in the pelvic cavity or other areas, which bleed with the menstrual cycle, causing inflammation and adhesions, resulting in pain. Pain on the left side may be caused by lesions on the left, which may be accompanied by symptoms including 痛经 (dysmenorrhea), 性交痛 (pain during intercourse), and 不孕 (infertility). It is recommended to follow medical advice to use medications such as Danazol Capsules, Gestrinone Capsules, and Norethisterone Tablets to alleviate symptoms.

　　5. Ectopic Pregnancy

　　When a fertilized egg develops within the fallopian tube, as the embryo grows, the fallopian tube may rupture, causing severe abdominal pain and bleeding. Pain on the left side may indicate involvement of the left fallopian tube, usually accompanied by vaginal bleeding, shoulder pain, fainting, and other symptoms. Ectopic pregnancy usually requires urgent surgical intervention, such as laparoscopic surgery or open abdominal surgery, to remove the damaged fallopian tube or embryonic tissue.

　　In daily life, women are advised to maintain good lifestyle habits, such as regular作息 (作息 should be translated as "work-rest schedule"), reasonable饮食 (diet), moderate exercise, etc., which help enhance physical fitness and reduce the occurrence of diseases.

　　References

　　[1] Feng Xue, Shi Yan, Qu Qinghua, et al. Clinical analysis of 135 cases of endometriosis in patients with bicornuate uterus [J]. Current Advances in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2024, 33(05): 373-375+380.

　　[1] Sun Jian. A case of retroperitoneal pregnancy [J]. Chinese Journal of Family Planning & Gynecology, 2025, 17(02): 46-48.