What should I do if a 7-month-old baby catches a cold and has a stuffy nose?

Generally, nasal congestion in a 7-month-old baby with a common cold is usually related to increased nasal secretions, cold air irritation, worsening infection, allergic reactions, or concurrent adenoid hypertrophy. It is recommended to perform daily care and medication treatment timely according to the underlying causes. If in doubt, medical advice should be sought. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Increased Nasal Secretions

During a cold, increased nasal secretions can block the nostrils, potentially affecting normal respiration and causing nasal congestion and runny nose. A cotton swab dipped in normal saline or warm water can be gently used to wipe the nostrils to remove secretions and improve airway obstruction.

2. Cold Air Irritation

If the baby is repeatedly exposed to cold air while having a cold, it may cause nasal mucosal blood vessel dilation, leading to congestion and swelling, thereby causing the above-mentioned discomfort. Nasal steam inhalation with warm water may help improve blood circulation. Additionally, wearing a mask outdoors can reduce cold air irritation.

3. Worsening Infection

If the cold worsens, increased inflammatory mediators in the body may affect normal breathing, resulting in impaired nasal airflow. This condition is often accompanied by symptoms such as fatigue and fever. Prompt and appropriate medication according to the type of infectious pathogen is necessary, such as antiviral granules, cefixime granules, amoxicillin granules, etc., as directed by a physician.

4. Allergic Reaction

A cold may lead to a decrease in immunity, making the baby more susceptible to external factors. Under such circumstances, contact with allergens may trigger allergic reactions, worsening symptoms such as nasal itching and nasal congestion, along with skin itching and redness. It is recommended to avoid the allergen promptly and follow medical advice to use medications such as cetirizine hydrochloride drops, desloratadine oral solution, fluticasone propionate nasal spray, etc.

5. Concurrent Adenoid Hypertrophy

Adenoid hypertrophy is often associated with inflammatory stimulation. If a cold occurs concurrently with adenoid hypertrophy, nasal congestion in the baby may also occur. Symptoms may include mouth breathing and snoring during sleep. It is recommended to follow medical advice and use medications such as amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium granules, Biyuantongqiao granules, budesonide nasal spray, etc., for treatment.

Parents should note that when a baby experiences nasal congestion, regular follow-up visits are necessary to adjust the treatment plan timely according to recovery progress. Correct techniques should be used to avoid damaging the nasal mucosa due to improper handling.