What are the side effects of painless abortion?

Generally speaking, painless induced abortion refers to a painless surgical abortion procedure. Its potential side effects may include menstrual disorders, cervical adhesion, uterine perforation, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, and infertility. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Menstrual Disorders

Painless abortion surgery can cause a certain degree of damage to the endometrium, affecting the normal growth and shedding of the endometrium. It may also interfere with the normal functioning of the female endocrine system, leading to hormonal imbalances. Menstrual cycles may become disordered, with menstruation occurring earlier, later, or even ceasing altogether. Menstrual flow may also change, increasing or decreasing.

2. Cervical Adhesion

The surgery may injure the mucous membrane of the cervical canal. During the healing process after surgery, excessive fibrous tissue growth may lead to cervical canal adhesion. Cervical adhesion can obstruct the outflow of menstrual blood, causing blood to accumulate within the uterine cavity and resulting in periodic abdominal pain.

3. Uterine Perforation

If the surgeon performs the procedure improperly, such as inserting instruments in the wrong direction or applying excessive force, or if the uterus has specific conditions such as excessive anteversion or retroversion, or thin uterine walls, uterine perforation may occur. If the perforation is small, there may only be minor bleeding. However, a larger perforation can lead to significant internal bleeding, which can be life-threatening in severe cases.

4. Chronic Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

If the infection is not promptly controlled after surgery, inflammation may spread from the endometrium to other pelvic tissues, such as the fallopian tubes and ovaries, causing chronic pelvic inflammatory disease. This condition has a long disease course, during which pathogens continuously stimulate pelvic tissues, leading to tissue congestion, edema, and possible scar formation.

5. Infertility

Repeated painless abortion surgeries can severely damage the endometrium, resulting in thinning of the endometrium and affecting the implantation of fertilized eggs. Additionally, infections caused by the surgery may lead to adhesion or blockage of the fallopian tubes, hindering the union and transport of sperm and eggs. These factors can all potentially lead to infertility.

To reduce the risk of side effects associated with painless abortion surgery, it is recommended that women undergo thorough preoperative examinations and evaluations, and choose qualified medical institutions and experienced doctors to perform the surgery. Additionally, postoperative rest and recovery are important, and anti-inflammatory treatment and follow-up visits should be carried out as advised by the physician.