How to prevent fetal malformations during pregnancy

Generally, preventing fetal malformations during pregnancy requires a multi-faceted approach, including folic acid supplementation, regular prenatal examinations, avoiding exposure to harmful substances, managing chronic diseases, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Folic Acid Supplementation

Folic acid is an essential nutrient for fetal nervous system development. A deficiency in folic acid increases the risk of neural tube defects. Pregnant women should supplement with folic acid daily starting at least one month before pregnancy and during the first trimester to reduce the risk of fetal malformations.

2. Regular Prenatal Examinations

Prenatal checkups enable timely detection and management of potential health issues, including fetal malformations. Through ultrasound examinations, serum screening, and other methods, doctors can assess fetal health and implement interventions when necessary.

3. Avoid Exposure to Harmful Substances

Certain chemicals, medications, radiation, and other harmful substances may cause fetal malformations. Pregnant women should avoid exposure to pesticides, heavy metals, X-rays, and other hazardous substances, and use medications cautiously to ensure drug safety.

4. Control Chronic Diseases

Chronic conditions such as diabetes and hypertension may affect normal fetal development. Pregnant women should actively treat and manage chronic diseases, maintaining indicators such as blood sugar and blood pressure within normal ranges to reduce the risk of fetal malformations.

5. Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle

A healthy lifestyle helps provide a favorable intrauterine environment and supports normal fetal development. Pregnant women should maintain a balanced diet, engage in moderate exercise, and avoid不良 habits such as smoking and alcohol consumption to reduce the likelihood of fetal malformations.

In daily life, pregnant women should maintain a balanced intake of various nutrients to ensure normal fetal development. Maintaining regular sleep patterns, engaging in appropriate physical activity, enhancing immunity, and reducing the risk of infections are also important.